Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Curr Genet. 2021 Apr;67(2):231-235. doi: 10.1007/s00294-020-01133-4. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
Cell aging is the result of deteriorating competence in maintaining cellular homeostasis and quality control. Certain cell types are able to rejuvenate through asymmetric cell division by excluding aging factors, including damaged cellular compartments and extrachromosomal rDNA circles, from entering the daughter cell. Recent findings from the budding yeast S. cerevisiae have shown that gametogenesis represents another type of cellular rejuvenation. Gametes, whether produced by an old or a young mother cell, are granted a renewed replicative lifespan through the formation of a fifth nuclear compartment that sequesters the harmful senescence factors accumulated by the mother. Here, we describe the importance and mechanism of cellular remodeling at the nuclear envelope mediated by ESCRT-III and the LEM-domain proteins, with a focus on nuclear pore biogenesis and chromatin interaction during gamete rejuvenation.
细胞衰老的结果是维持细胞内稳态和质量控制的能力下降。某些细胞类型能够通过不对称细胞分裂来恢复活力，将衰老因子（包括受损的细胞区室和染色体外 rDNA 环）排除在子细胞之外。最近从芽殖酵母 S. cerevisiae 中发现的结果表明，配子发生代表了另一种类型的细胞更新。通过形成第五个核区室，将母细胞积累的有害衰老因子隔离起来，配子，无论是由年老还是年轻的母细胞产生的，都被赋予了新的复制寿命。在这里，我们描述了由 ESCRT-III 和 LEM 结构域蛋白介导的核膜细胞重塑的重要性和机制，重点介绍了配子更新过程中核孔生物发生和染色质相互作用。
