Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York.
Ophthalmology. 2021 Jul;128(7):971-980. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.11.022. Epub 2020 Nov 26.
To identify the role of gender and other factors in influencing ophthalmologists' compensation.
Cross-sectional study.
U.S. practicing ophthalmologists.
Between January and March 2020, an anonymous survey was sent to U.S. residency program directors and practicing ophthalmologists who recently completed residency training. Respondents who completed residency ≤ 10 years ago and responded to questions about gender, fellowship training, state of practice, and salary were included. Propensity score match (PSM) analysis was performed with age, academic residency, top residency, fellowship, state median wage, practice type, ethnicity, and number of workdays. Multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis controlled for additional factors along with the aforementioned variables.
Base starting salary with bonus (SWB) received in the first year of clinical position was the main outcome measure. A multiplier of 1.2 (20%) was added to the base salary to account for bonus.
Of 684 respondents, 384 (56% were female, 44% were male) from 68 programs were included. Female ophthalmologists received a mean initial SWB that was $33 139.80 less than that of their male colleagues (12.5%, P = 0.00). The PSM analysis showed an SWB difference of -$27 273.89 (10.3% gap, P = 0.0015). Additionally, SWB differences were calculated with the number of workdays substituted by operating room (OR) days (-$27 793.67 [10.5% gap, P = 0.0013]) and clinic days (-$23 597.57 [8.90% gap, P = 0.0064]) in separate PSM analyses. The SWB differences between genders were significant using MLR analyses, which also controlled for work, clinic, and OR days separately (-$22 261.49, $-18 604.65, and $-16 191.26, respectively; P = 0.017, P = 0.015, P = 0.002, respectively). Gender independently predicted income in all 3 analyses (P < 0.05). Although an association between gender and the attempt to negotiate was not detected, a greater portion of men subjectively reported success in negotiation (P = 0.03).
Female ophthalmologists earn significantly less than their male colleagues in the first year of clinical practice. Salary differences persist after controlling for demographic, educational, and practice type variables with MLR and PSM analyses. These income differences may lead to a substantial loss of accumulated earnings over an individual's career.
确定性别和其他因素在影响眼科医生薪酬方面的作用。
横断面研究。
美国执业眼科医生。
2020 年 1 月至 3 月期间，向美国住院医师项目主任和最近完成住院医师培训的执业眼科医生发送了一份匿名调查。包括在过去 10 年内完成住院医师培训且回答了关于性别、专科培训、执业州和薪资问题的受访者。采用倾向评分匹配（PSM）分析，对年龄、学术住院医师培训、顶尖住院医师培训、专科培训、州平均工资、执业类型、种族和工作日数进行了分析。多元线性回归（MLR）分析控制了上述变量以及其他因素。
临床岗位第一年的基本工资加奖金（SWB）作为主要观察指标。基本工资乘以 1.2（20%）以计入奖金。
在 684 名受访者中，有 384 名（56%为女性，44%为男性）来自 68 个项目。女性眼科医生的初始 SWB 比男性同事低 33139.80 美元（占 12.5%，P=0.00）。PSM 分析显示 SWB 差异为-27273.89 美元（10.3%差距，P=0.0015）。此外，通过将工作日数分别替换为手术室（OR）天数（-27793.67 美元[10.5%差距，P=0.0013]）和门诊天数（-23597.57 美元[8.90%差距，P=0.0064]），在单独的 PSM 分析中计算出 SWB 差异。在 MLR 分析中，性别之间的 SWB 差异具有统计学意义，该分析还分别控制了工作、门诊和 OR 天数（-22261.49 美元、-18604.65 美元和-16191.26 美元，P=0.017、P=0.015、P=0.002）。性别在所有 3 项分析中均独立预测收入（P<0.05）。尽管没有发现性别与谈判尝试之间的关联，但更多的男性主观上报告谈判成功（P=0.03）。
女性眼科医生在临床实践的第一年收入明显低于男性同事。使用 MLR 和 PSM 分析，在控制人口统计学、教育和执业类型变量后，薪酬差异仍然存在。这些收入差异可能导致个人职业生涯中累积收入的大量损失。
