Ter Harmsel J F, Noordzij M L, Goudriaan A E, Dekker J J M, Swinkels L T A, van der Pol T M, Popma A
Inforsa, Forensic Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
University of Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, Enschede, the Netherlands.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2021 Jan;159:94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.11.009. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Over the last years, biofeedback applications are increasingly used to enhance interoceptive awareness and self-regulation, in psychiatry and beyond. These applications are used to strengthen emotion regulation skills by home training (ambulatory biofeedback) and real-time support in everyday life stressful situations (biocueing). Unfortunately, knowledge about the feasibility and effectivity of these applications is still scarce. Therefore, a systematic literature search was performed. In total, 30 studies (4 biocueing, 26 ambulatory biofeedback) were reviewed; 21 of these studies were conducted in non-psychiatric samples and 9 studies in psychiatric samples. Study characteristics, biofeedback characteristics, effectivity and feasibility outcomes were extracted. Despite the rapid advances in wearable technology, only a few biocueing studies were found. In the majority of the studies significant positive effects were found on self-reported (stress-related) psychological measures. Significant improvements on physiological measures were also reported, though these measures were used less frequently. Feasibility of the applications was often reported as sufficient, though not adequately assessed in most studies. Taken into account the small sample sizes and the limited quality of the majority of the studies in this recently emerging field, biocueing and ambulatory biofeedback interventions showed promising results. Future research is expected to be focusing on biocueing as a just-in-time adaptive intervention. To establish this research field, closer cooperation between research groups, use of more rigorous as well as individually tailored research designs and more valid feasibility and effectivity assessment are recommended.
在过去几年中，生物反馈应用在精神病学及其他领域越来越多地被用于增强内感受性觉知和自我调节。这些应用通过家庭训练（动态生物反馈）以及在日常生活压力情境中的实时支持（生物提示）来强化情绪调节技能。不幸的是，关于这些应用的可行性和有效性的知识仍然匮乏。因此，我们进行了一项系统的文献检索。总共回顾了30项研究（4项生物提示研究，26项动态生物反馈研究）；其中21项研究是在非精神病学样本中进行的，9项研究是在精神病学样本中进行的。提取了研究特征、生物反馈特征、有效性和可行性结果。尽管可穿戴技术取得了快速进展，但仅发现了少数生物提示研究。在大多数研究中，自我报告的（与压力相关的）心理测量指标上发现了显著的积极效果。也有报告称生理测量指标有显著改善，不过这些指标的使用频率较低。这些应用的可行性通常被报告为足够，但在大多数研究中评估并不充分。考虑到这个新兴领域中大多数研究的样本量较小且质量有限，生物提示和动态生物反馈干预显示出了有前景的结果。未来的研究预计将聚焦于生物提示作为一种即时适应性干预。为了建立这个研究领域，建议研究团队之间加强合作，采用更严格以及个性化定制的研究设计，并进行更有效的可行性和有效性评估。
