Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Dermatol Ther. 2021 Jan;34(1):e14605. doi: 10.1111/dth.14605. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
Pemphigus is a group of immune-mediated blistering diseases of skin and mucus membrane caused by destruction of the intercellular junction (desmosomes) by autoantibodies. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is considered the most common type of all pemphigus family. Various cytokines play a major role in pemphigus pathogenesis. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) role has been studied in various autoimmune diseases as; psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, yet it has not been studied in Egyptian patients with PV. The study aimed to evaluate the possible role of IL-33 in PV by assessing its level in the serum using ELISA and to detect its correlation with activity score using Pemphigus Disease Area Index (PDAI). Forty-four patients with PV and 36 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. After full history taking and complete dermatological examination, the severity score was calculated using PDAI, then serum samples were taken from each patient and control subjects and subjected to quantitative measurement of serum IL-33 using ELISA. Serum level of IL-33 is significantly raised in PV patients compared to control subjects (P-value = .007). The level of IL-33 was found to be strongly correlated with the activity of the disease measured by PDAI. IL-33 might have a role in PV pathogenesis as shown by its rising level in PV patients. In addition, serum level of IL-33 is strongly correlated with the activity of PV. Thus, we suspect that IL-33 can be used as marker for monitoring PV severity and measuring treatment efficacy.
天疱疮是一组由自身抗体破坏细胞间连接（桥粒）引起的皮肤和黏膜水疱性自身免疫性疾病。寻常型天疱疮（PV）被认为是所有天疱疮家族中最常见的类型。各种细胞因子在天疱疮发病机制中起主要作用。白细胞介素-33（IL-33）在各种自身免疫性疾病中的作用已被研究，如银屑病和类风湿关节炎，但在埃及 PV 患者中尚未进行研究。本研究旨在通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）评估血清中 IL-33 的水平，以评估其在 PV 中的可能作用，并通过天疱疮疾病面积指数（PDAI）检测其与活动评分的相关性。研究共纳入 44 例 PV 患者和 36 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者。在详细询问病史和全面皮肤科检查后，根据 PDAI 计算严重程度评分，然后从每位患者和对照者采集血清样本，并使用 ELISA 定量测量血清 IL-33。与对照组相比，PV 患者的血清 IL-33 水平显著升高（P 值=0.007）。研究发现，IL-33 水平与 PDAI 衡量的疾病活动度呈强相关。IL-33 可能在 PV 发病机制中起作用，因为其在 PV 患者中的水平升高。此外，血清 IL-33 水平与 PV 的活动度呈强相关。因此，我们怀疑 IL-33 可作为监测 PV 严重程度和评估治疗效果的标志物。
