Department of Social Welfare, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA.
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.
Ethn Dis. 2020 Nov 19;30(Suppl 2):735-744. doi: 10.18865/ed.30.S2.735. eCollection 2020.
Established relationships between researchers, stakeholders and potential participants are integral for recruitment of potential older adult participants and Evidence-Based Programs (EBPs) for chronic disease management have empirically been shown to help improve health and maintain healthy and active lives. To accelerate recruitment in EBPs and potential future research, we propose a Wellness Pathway allowing for delivery within multipurpose senior centers (MPCs) linked with medical facilities among lower-income urban older adults. The study aims were to: 1) assess the effectiveness of three MPC-delivered EBPs on disease management skills, health outcomes, and self-efficacy; and 2) assess the feasibility of the proposed Wellness Pathway for lower-income urban-dwelling older adults of color.
We administered surveys and conducted a pre-post analysis among participants enrolled in any 1 of 3 MPC-based EBPs (n=53). To assess feasibility of the pathway, we analyzed survey data and interviews (EBP participants, MPC staff, physicians, n=10).
EBP participation was associated with greater disease management skills (increased time spent stretching and aerobic activity) but not improvements in self-efficacy or other health outcomes. Interviews revealed: 1) older adults valued EBPs and felt the Wellness Pathway feasible; 2) staff felt it feasible given adequate growth management; 3) physicians felt it feasible provided adequate medical facility integration.
MPC-based EBPs were associated with improvements in disease management skills among older adults; a proposed Wellness Pathway shows early evidence of feasibility and warrants further investigation. Future efforts to implement this model of recruiting older adults of color into EBPs should address barriers for implementation and sustainability.
研究人员、利益相关者和潜在参与者之间已建立的关系对于招募潜在的老年参与者和慢性病管理的循证计划至关重要，经验表明，这些关系有助于改善健康状况并维持健康和活跃的生活。为了加速循证计划和未来潜在研究的招募工作，我们提出了一种“健康途径”，允许在与医疗设施相连的多功能老年人中心（MPC）中提供这些计划，以服务低收入城市的老年人群。该研究的目的是：1）评估三种在 MPC 中提供的循证计划对疾病管理技能、健康结果和自我效能的有效性；2）评估针对低收入城市有色人种老年人群体的拟议“健康途径”的可行性。
我们对参加任何一种基于 MPC 的循证计划（n=53）的参与者进行了调查和前后分析。为了评估途径的可行性，我们分析了调查数据和访谈（EBP 参与者、MPC 工作人员、医生，n=10）。
EBP 参与与更高的疾病管理技能（增加伸展和有氧运动的时间）相关，但与自我效能或其他健康结果的改善无关。访谈结果显示：1）老年人重视循证计划，认为“健康途径”是可行的；2）工作人员认为在适当的增长管理下是可行的；3）医生认为在充分整合医疗设施的情况下是可行的。
基于 MPC 的循证计划与老年人疾病管理技能的提高相关；拟议的“健康途径”显示出早期可行性的证据，值得进一步研究。未来努力招募有色人种的老年人参与循证计划时，应解决实施和可持续性的障碍。
