Aloizou Athina-Maria, Pateraki Georgia, Siokas Vasileios, Mentis Alexios-Fotios A, Liampas Ioannis, Lazopoulos George, Kovatsi Leda, Mitsias Panayiotis D, Bogdanos Dimitrios P, Paterakis Konstantinos, Dardiotis Efthimios
Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
Toxicol Rep. 2020 Nov 6;7:1514-1530. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.11.001. eCollection 2020.
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. They are generally very resistant to treatment and are therefore associated with negative outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that affect many cellular processes by regulating gene expression and, post-transcriptionally, the translation of mRNAs. MiRNA-21 has been consistently shown to be upregulated in glioma and research has shown that it is involved in a wide variety of biological pathways, promoting tumor cell survival and invasiveness. Furthermore, it has been implicated in resistance to treatment, both against chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we gathered the existent data on miRNA-21 and gliomas, in terms of its expression levels, association with grade and prognosis, the pathways it involves and its targets in glioma, and finally how it leads to treatment resistance. Furthermore, we discuss how this knowledge could be applied in clinical practice in the years to come. To our knowledge, this is the first review to assess in extent and depth the role of miRNA-21 in gliomas.
胶质瘤是成人中最常见的原发性脑肿瘤。它们通常对治疗具有很强的抗性，因此与不良预后相关。微小RNA（miRNA）是小的非编码RNA分子，通过调节基因表达以及在转录后调节mRNA的翻译来影响许多细胞过程。miRNA-21在胶质瘤中一直被证明是上调的，并且研究表明它参与了多种生物学途径，促进肿瘤细胞的存活和侵袭。此外，它还与对化疗和放疗的治疗抗性有关。在这篇综述中，我们收集了关于miRNA-21和胶质瘤的现有数据，包括其表达水平、与分级和预后的关联、它在胶质瘤中涉及的途径及其靶点，以及最终它如何导致治疗抗性。此外，我们讨论了这些知识在未来几年如何应用于临床实践。据我们所知，这是第一篇全面深入评估miRNA-21在胶质瘤中作用的综述。
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