Beyer Sasha, Fleming Jessica, Meng Wei, Singh Rajbir, Haque S Jaharul, Chakravarti Arnab
Department of Radiation Oncology, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center & Arthur, G. James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH 43012, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2017 Jul 10;9(7):85. doi: 10.3390/cancers9070085.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, endogenous RNA molecules that function in gene silencing by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The dysregulation of miRNA plays a pivotal role in cancer tumorigenesis, including the development and progression of gliomas. Their small size, stability and ability to target multiple oncogenes have simultaneously distinguished miRNAs as attractive candidates for biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for glioma patients. In this review, we summarize the most frequently cited miRNAs known to contribute to gliomagenesis and progression by regulating the defining hallmarks of gliomas, including angiogenesis, invasion, and cell metabolism. We also discuss their promising potential as prognostic and predictive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets, in addition to the challenges that must be overcome before their translation from bench to bedside.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的、非编码的内源性RNA分子，通过对基因表达进行转录后调控来发挥基因沉默作用。miRNA的失调在癌症肿瘤发生过程中起着关键作用，包括胶质瘤的发生和进展。它们的小尺寸、稳定性以及靶向多个癌基因的能力，使miRNA同时成为胶质瘤患者生物标志物和新型治疗靶点的有吸引力的候选者。在本综述中，我们总结了最常被引用的通过调节胶质瘤的定义特征（包括血管生成、侵袭和细胞代谢）而导致胶质瘤发生和进展的miRNA。我们还讨论了它们作为预后和预测生物标志物以及新型治疗靶点的潜在前景，以及在从实验室转化到临床应用之前必须克服的挑战。
