生物社会和疾病状况与尼泊尔东部农村老年人口的高质量生活相关：来自一项横断面研究的结果。

Biosocial and disease conditions are associated with good quality of life among older adults in rural eastern Nepal: Findings from a cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

School of Population Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2020 Nov 30;15(11):e0242942. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242942. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0242942

PMID:33253232

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7704002/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The ageing population in most low-and middle-income countries is accompanied by an increased risk of non-communicable diseases culminating in a poor quality of life (QOL). However, the factors accelerating this poor QOL have not been fully examined in Nepal. Therefore, this study examined the factors associated with the QOL of older adults residing in the rural setting of Nepal.

METHODS

Data from a previous cross-sectional study conducted among older adults between January and April 2018 in in rural Nepal was used in this study. The analytical sample included 794 older adults aged ≥60 years, selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling approach. QOL was measured using the Older People's Quality of Life tool; dichotomized as poor and good QOL. Other measures used included age, gender, ethnicity, religion, marital status, physical activity, and chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and depression. The factors associated with QOL were examined using mixed-effects logistic regression.

RESULTS

Seven in ten respondents (70.4%) reported a poor QOL. At the bivariate level, increasing age, unemployment, intake of alcohol, lack of physical activity as well as osteoarthritis, COPD and depression were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of a good QOL. The adjusted model showed that older age (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.90), the Christian religion (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.20-0.70), and of an Indigenous (AOR: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.14-0.47), Dalit (AOR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.10-0.56), and Madheshi (AOR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14-0.60) ethnic background were associated with lower odds of good QOL. However, higher income of >NRs 10,000 (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.43-3.99), daily physical activity (AOR: 3.33; 95% CI: 2.55-4.34), and the absence of osteoarthritis (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.09-3.49) and depression (AOR: 3.34; 95% CI: 2.14-5.22) were associated with higher odds of good QOL.

CONCLUSION

The findings of this study reinforce the need of improving QOL of older adults through implementing programs aimed at addressing the identified biosocial and disease conditions that catalyse poor QOL in this older population residing in rural parts of Nepal.

摘要

背景

大多数中低收入国家的人口老龄化伴随着非传染性疾病风险的增加，最终导致生活质量（QOL）下降。然而，在尼泊尔，加速这一低生活质量的因素尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在探讨与尼泊尔农村老年人 QOL 相关的因素。

方法

本研究使用了 2018 年 1 月至 4 月在尼泊尔农村进行的一项横断面研究的数据。分析样本包括 794 名年龄≥60 岁的老年人，采用多阶段聚类抽样方法选择。使用老年人生活质量工具（Older People's Quality of Life tool）衡量 QOL；分为生活质量差和生活质量好两种情况。其他措施包括年龄、性别、民族、宗教、婚姻状况、身体活动以及骨关节炎、心血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和抑郁症等慢性疾病。使用混合效应逻辑回归分析 QOL 的相关因素。

结果

十分之七的受访者（70.4%）报告生活质量较差。在单变量水平上，年龄增长、失业、饮酒、缺乏身体活动以及骨关节炎、COPD 和抑郁症与较低的良好 QOL 可能性显著相关。调整后的模型显示，年龄较大（AOR=0.50，95%CI：0.28-0.90）、基督教信仰（AOR=0.38，95%CI：0.20-0.70）、原住民（AOR：0.25；95%CI：0.14-0.47）、达利特（AOR：0.23；95%CI：0.10-0.56）和马德西（AOR：0.29；95%CI：0.14-0.60）的种族背景与较低的良好 QOL 几率相关。然而，较高的收入（>NRs 10,000）（AOR=3.34，95%CI：1.43-3.99）、日常身体活动（AOR=3.33；95%CI：2.55-4.34）以及没有骨关节炎（AOR=1.9；95%CI：1.09-3.49）和抑郁症（AOR=3.34；95%CI：2.14-5.22）与良好 QOL 的几率增加相关。