Wang Hsiuying
Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
Biomedicines. 2020 Nov 24;8(12):530. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8120530.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrinological disorder that is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the body does not respond appropriately to insulin. There are many complications of DM such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. In addition to these complications, DM was reported to be associated with different cancers. In this review, we discuss the association between DM and colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide that mostly affects older people, however, its incidence and mortality are rising among young people. We discuss the relationship between DM and CRC based on their common microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs playing important functions in cell differentiation, development, regulation of cell cycle, and apoptosis. miRNAs can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in CRC cells. miRNAs also can improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, investigating the common miRNA biomarkers of both DM and CRC can shed a light on how these two diseases are correlated and more understanding of the link between these two diseases can help the prevention of both DM and CRC.
糖尿病（DM）是一种内分泌紊乱疾病，其病因要么是胰腺分泌的胰岛素不足，要么是身体对胰岛素反应不当。糖尿病有许多并发症，如视网膜病变、肾病和周围神经病变。除了这些并发症外，据报道糖尿病还与不同类型的癌症有关。在本综述中，我们讨论糖尿病与结直肠癌（CRC）之间的关联。结直肠癌是全球第三大最常被诊断出的癌症，主要影响老年人，然而，其发病率和死亡率在年轻人中也呈上升趋势。我们基于糖尿病和结直肠癌共同的微小RNA（miRNA）生物标志物来讨论它们之间的关系。微小RNA是非编码RNA，在细胞分化、发育、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用。微小RNA可以抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡。微小RNA还可以改善葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性。因此，研究糖尿病和结直肠癌共同的微小RNA生物标志物可以揭示这两种疾病之间的关联，对这两种疾病之间联系的更多了解有助于预防糖尿病和结直肠癌。
