Bishop Karen S, Xu Huawen, Marlow Gareth
Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Genet Epigenet. 2017 Sep 25;9:1179237X17729900. doi: 10.1177/1179237X17729900. eCollection 2017.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer mortality globally. Development of CRC is closely associated with lifestyle, and diet may modulate risk. A Western-style diet is characterised by a high intake of red meat but low consumption of fruit, vegetables, and whole cereals. Such a diet is associated with CRC risks. It has been demonstrated that butyrate, produced by the fermentation of dietary plant fibre, can alter both genetic and epigenetic expressions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are commonly present in both normal and tumour cells. Aberrant miRNA expression is associated with CRC initiation, progression, and metastasis. In addition, butyrate can modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and miRNA expression in CRC. In this review, the effects of butyrate on modulating miRNA expression in CRC will be discussed. Furthermore, evidence on the effect of butyrate on CRC risk through reducing oncogenic miRNA expression will be presented.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见癌症死亡原因。CRC的发生与生活方式密切相关，饮食可能会调节其风险。西式饮食的特点是红肉摄入量高，但水果、蔬菜和全谷物的消费量低。这种饮食与CRC风险相关。已经证明，膳食植物纤维发酵产生的丁酸可以改变基因和表观遗传表达。微小RNA（miRNA）是常见于正常细胞和肿瘤细胞中的小型非编码RNA。miRNA表达异常与CRC的发生、发展和转移有关。此外，丁酸可以调节CRC中的细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和miRNA表达。在这篇综述中，将讨论丁酸对调节CRC中miRNA表达的影响。此外，还将介绍关于丁酸通过降低致癌miRNA表达对CRC风险影响的证据。
