Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain.
Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB5 8DZ, UK.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 Nov 25;56(12):643. doi: 10.3390/medicina56120643.
339 million people in the world suffer from asthma. Regular physical activity (PA) could help in its control. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the level of PA in Spanish people with asthma considering variation by, age, sex, education, marital status, living together, smoking habits, alcohol intake and body mass index (BMI). 1014 Spanish people from 15 to 69 years were included in the study. Data of the Spanish Health Survey (year 2017) were analysed. PA levels were measure with the international physical activity questionnaire short version (IPAQ-SF). PA was categorized as low, moderate and high, and analyzed by sample characteristics. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskall Wallis H and crosstabs were used to calculate statistical significance ( < 0.05). On average, Spanish asthmatics engaged in a weekly volume of 2228.9 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)·min/week. Males revealed significantly higher PA than females (2516.8 vs. 2019.5 MET·min/week; = 0.005), younger participants (<30 years) compared to people aged 30-60 years and older than 60 years (2699.0; 2243.2; 1619.3 MET·min/week; < 0.001) and those with tertiary level of education than those without secondary (2368.3 vs. 2168.3 MET·min/week; = 0.001). Level of PA was lower in those married ( = 0.001) and/or living together ( = 0.010). Alcohol consumers showed a higher level than the participants who did not drink (2378.3 vs. 1907.9 MET·min/week; = 0.001), but no significant differences were found within current, past and never smokers ( = 0.890). Obese asthmatics engaged in less PA than their normal weight and overweight peers ( < 0.001). Overall, moderate level was significantly the most frequent (47.7%), but 31.6% showed a low level. Three out of ten Spanish people with asthma do not achieve PA recommendations, so PA programs should be executed to make people aware of its benefits in asthma control, focusing on those groups with lower PA levels.
全世界有 3.39 亿人患有哮喘。有规律的身体活动（PA）可能有助于控制哮喘。因此，本研究的目的是确定考虑到年龄、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、是否同居、吸烟习惯、饮酒和体重指数（BMI）等因素，西班牙哮喘患者的 PA 水平。共纳入了 1014 名年龄在 15 至 69 岁的西班牙人。对 2017 年西班牙健康调查的数据进行了分析。PA 水平采用国际体力活动问卷短表（IPAQ-SF）进行测量。根据样本特征，将 PA 分为低、中、高三个水平进行分析。采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验、Kruskal Wallis H 检验和交叉表进行统计显著性检验（<0.05）。
平均而言，西班牙哮喘患者每周的活动量为 2228.9 代谢当量任务（MET）·min/周。男性的 PA 明显高于女性（2516.8 比 2019.5 MET·min/周；<0.005），与 30-60 岁的人相比，<30 岁的参与者和>60 岁的参与者（2699.0；2243.2；1619.3 MET·min/周；<0.001）以及具有高等教育水平的参与者高于没有中等教育水平的参与者（2368.3 比 2168.3 MET·min/周；=0.001）。已婚（=0.001）和/或同居（=0.010）者的 PA 水平较低。饮酒者的 PA 水平高于不饮酒者（2378.3 比 1907.9 MET·min/周；=0.001），但目前、过去和从不吸烟者之间无显著差异（=0.890）。肥胖哮喘患者的 PA 水平低于正常体重和超重的同龄人（<0.001）。总的来说，中度是最常见的（47.7%），但有 31.6%的人处于低水平。十分之三的西班牙哮喘患者没有达到 PA 建议，因此应该执行 PA 计划，让人们意识到它对哮喘控制的益处，重点关注那些 PA 水平较低的人群。
