Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State National Research University, 614990 Perm, Russia.
Molecules. 2020 Nov 25;25(23):5526. doi: 10.3390/molecules25235526.
Oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids are secondary metabolites of plants found in various climatic zones and regions. This group of compounds is highly attractive due to their diverse biological properties and possible use as intermediates in the synthesis of new pharmacologically promising substances. By now, their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and other activities have been confirmed. In the last decade, methods of microbial synthesis of these compounds and their further biotransformation using microorganisms are gaining much popularity. The present review provides clear evidence that industrial microbiology can be a promising way to obtain valuable pharmacologically active compounds in environmentally friendly conditions without processing huge amounts of plant biomass and using hazardous and expensive chemicals. This review summarizes data on distribution, microbial synthesis, and biological activities of native oleanane and ursane triterpenoids. Much emphasis is put on the processes of microbial transformation of selected oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids and on the bioactivity assessment of the obtained derivatives.
齐墩果烷和熊果烷五环三萜类化合物是植物的次生代谢产物,存在于各种气候带和地区。由于其具有多样化的生物特性,并且可能作为合成具有潜在应用前景的新药物的中间体,这组化合物极具吸引力。迄今为止,它们的抗病毒、抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤等活性已经得到了证实。在过去的十年中,使用微生物合成这些化合物的方法及其进一步利用微生物进行的生物转化得到了广泛关注。本综述提供了明确的证据,表明工业微生物学可以成为一种有前途的方法,在不处理大量植物生物质和使用危险且昂贵的化学品的情况下,在环保条件下获得有价值的具有药理活性的化合物。本综述总结了关于天然齐墩果烷和熊果烷三萜类化合物的分布、微生物合成和生物活性的数据。特别强调了选择的齐墩果烷和熊果烷五环三萜类化合物的微生物转化过程,以及对获得的衍生物的生物活性评估。