中国公众对冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的认知、态度和行为：一项在线横断面调查。
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Chinese public with respect to coronavirus disease (COVID-19): an online cross-sectional survey.
作者信息
Gao Huiming, Hu Rujun, Yin Ling, Yuan Xiaoli, Tang Hao, Luo Lan, Chen Mei, Huang Di, Wang Ying, Yu Anyong, Jiang Zhixia
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 30;20(1):1816. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09961-2.
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a pandemic. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the public play a major role in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the KAP of the Chinese public and to assess potential influencing factors related to practices.
METHODS
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in China in February 2020 via a self-designed questionnaire comprising 33 questions assessing KAP.
RESULTS
For the 2136 respondents from 30 provinces or municipalities in China, the accurate response rate for the knowledge section ranged from 72.7 to 99.5%, and the average was 91.2%. Regarding attitude section, the percentage of positive attitudes ("strongly agree" and "agree") ranged from 94.7 to 99.7%, and the average value was 98.0%. The good practices ("always" and "often") results ranged from 76.1 to 99.5%, and the average value was 96.8%. The independent samples t-test revealed that gender and ethnic differences had no effect on knowledge, attitude or behaviour (P > 0.05). However, knowledge was associated with age (t = 4.842, p < 0.001), marital status (t = - 5.323, p < 0.001), education level (t = 8.441, p < 0.001), occupation (t = - 10.858, p < 0.001), and place of residence (t = 7.929, p < 0.001). Similarly, attitude was associated with marital status (t = - 2.383, p = 0.017), education level (t = 2.106, p = 0.035), occupation (t = - 4.834, p < 0.001), and place of residence (t = 4.242, p < 0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the factors influencing practices were knowledge (t = - 3.281, p = 0.001), attitude (t = 18.756, p < 0.001), occupation (t = - 3.860, p < 0.001), education level (t = 3.136, p = 0.002), and place of residence (t = 3.257, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The Chinese public exhibited a good level of knowledge of COVID-19, a positive attitude, and high adherence to good practices. COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes and practices were affected by age, marital status, education level, occupation, and place of residence to varying degrees. In addition, practices were affected by knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19.
背景
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已成为大流行病。公众的知识、态度和行为（KAP）在传染病的预防和控制中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是评估中国公众的KAP，并评估与行为相关的潜在影响因素。
方法
2020年2月在中国通过自行设计的包含33个评估KAP问题的问卷进行了一项横断面在线调查。
结果
对于来自中国30个省或直辖市的2136名受访者，知识部分的准确回答率在72.7%至99.5%之间，平均为91.2%。关于态度部分，积极态度（“强烈同意”和“同意”）的百分比在94.7%至99.7%之间，平均值为98.0%。良好行为（“总是”和“经常”）的结果在76.1%至99.5%之间，平均值为96.8%。独立样本t检验显示，性别和种族差异对知识、态度或行为没有影响（P>0.05）。然而，知识与年龄（t=4.842，p<0.001）、婚姻状况（t=-5.323，p<0.001）、教育水平（t=8.441，p<0.001）、职业（t=-10.858，p<0.001）和居住地点（t=7.929，p<0.001）有关。同样，态度与婚姻状况（t=-2.383，p=0.017）、教育水平（t=2.106，p=0.035）、职业（t=-4.834，p<0.001）和居住地点（t=4.242，p<0.001）有关。多元线性回归分析结果表明，影响行为的因素是知识（t=-3.281，p=0.001）、态度（t=18.756，p<0.001）、职业（t=-3.860，p<0.001）、教育水平（t=3.136，p=0.002）和居住地点（t=3.257，p=0.001）。
结论
中国公众对COVID-19表现出良好的知识水平、积极的态度和对良好行为的高度依从性。与COVID-19相关的知识、态度和行为在不同程度上受到年龄、婚姻状况、教育水平、职业和居住地点的影响。此外，行为还受到对COVID-19的知识和态度的影响。
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