Kazemi Fatemeh, Danaei Goodarz, Farzadfar Farshad, Malik Vasanti, Parsaeian Mahboubeh, Pouraram Hamed, Zamaninour Negar, Rahmani Jamal, Dorosty Motlagh Ahmad Reza
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Jun 27;18(3):e99793. doi: 10.5812/ijem.99793. eCollection 2020 Jul.
The glycemic index (GI) values of staple foods are not available in a standardized method in Iran.
The aim of this study was to measure the GI values of the major carbohydrate sources in a typical Iranian diet.
Using the international standard method, the GI values were determined for four wheat flatbreads, barley and rye bread, white and brown rice, as well as white and brown rice mixed with lentils. Twelve healthy adults were given 50 g anhydrous glucose three times (as the reference carbohydrate) and the test foods once each throughout the study. Using finger-prick blood samples, capillary blood glucose was measured using a reliable glucometer. The GI was calculated using the trapezoidal method.
The GI values of the following types of bread were: Barley 66, Lavash 72, Taftoon 79, Sangak 82, rye 84, and Barbari 99. The GI values for brown and white rice were 65 and 71, respectively. The mixture of brown rice with lentils had a GI value of 55, and the mixture of white rice with lentils had a GI of 79.
The most common types of bread and white rice consumed in Iran have high GI values. There is potential to reduce the overall GI values in the Iranian diet by encouraging the consumption of barley bread and brown rice.
在伊朗，主食的血糖生成指数（GI）值尚无标准化测定方法。
本研究旨在测定典型伊朗饮食中主要碳水化合物来源的GI值。
采用国际标准方法，测定了四种小麦面饼、大麦和黑麦面包、白米和糙米以及白米和糙米与小扁豆混合食物的GI值。在整个研究过程中，12名健康成年人三次摄入50克无水葡萄糖（作为参考碳水化合物），并分别摄入一次每种测试食物。通过手指采血样，使用可靠的血糖仪测量毛细血管血糖。采用梯形法计算GI值。
以下各类面包的GI值分别为：大麦66、拉瓦什薄饼72、塔夫通面包79、桑加克面包82、黑麦84、巴尔巴里面包99。糙米和白米的GI值分别为65和71。糙米与小扁豆的混合物GI值为55，白米与小扁豆的混合物GI值为79。
伊朗消费的最常见类型面包和白米的GI值较高。通过鼓励食用大麦面包和糙米，有可能降低伊朗饮食的总体GI值。
