Doctoral School, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 29;21(23):9089. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239089.
Due to the systematic increase in the production of nanomaterials (NMs) and their applications in many areas of life, issues associated with their toxicity are inevitable. In particular, the performance of heterogeneous NMs, such as nanocomposites (NCs), is unpredictable as they may inherit the properties of their individual components. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to assess the biological activity of newly synthesized Cu/TiO-NC and the parent nanoparticle substrates Cu-NPs and TiO-NPs on the bacterial viability, antioxidant potential and fatty acid composition of the reference and strains. Based on the toxicological parameters, it was found that was more sensitive to NMs than Furthermore, Cu/TiO-NC and Cu-NPs had an opposite effect on both strains, while TiO-NPs had a comparable mode of action. Simultaneously, the tested strains exhibited varied responses of the antioxidant enzymes after exposure to the NMs, with Cu-NPs having the strongest impact on their activity. The most considerable alternations in the fatty acid profiles were found after the bacteria were exposed to Cu/TiO-NC and Cu-NPs. Microscopic images indicated distinct interactions of the NMs with the bacterial outer layers, especially in regard to . Cu/TiO-NC generally proved to have less distinctive antimicrobial properties on than compared to its parent components. Presumably, the biocidal effects of the tested NMs can be attributed to the induction of oxidative stress, the release of metal ions and specific electrochemical interactions with the bacterial cells.
由于纳米材料（NMs）的生产系统增加及其在许多生活领域的应用，与它们的毒性相关的问题是不可避免的。特别是，异质纳米材料（如纳米复合材料（NCs））的性能是不可预测的，因为它们可能继承其各个组成部分的性质。因此，本工作的目的是评估新合成的 Cu/TiO-NC 和其母体纳米颗粒基底 Cu-NPs 和 TiO-NPs 对参考 和 菌株的细菌活力、抗氧化潜力和脂肪酸组成的生物学活性。基于毒理学参数，发现 比 对 NMs 更敏感。此外，Cu/TiO-NC 和 Cu-NPs 对两种菌株都有相反的作用，而 TiO-NPs 则有类似的作用模式。同时，测试菌株在暴露于 NMs 后表现出抗氧化酶活性的不同反应，Cu-NPs 对其活性的影响最强。在细菌暴露于 Cu/TiO-NC 和 Cu-NPs 后，脂肪酸谱发生了最显著的变化。显微镜图像表明，纳米材料与细菌外层之间存在明显的相互作用，尤其是在 方面。与母体成分相比，Cu/TiO-NC 对 的抗菌特性通常比 弱。据推测，测试的 NMs 的杀菌作用可以归因于氧化应激的诱导、金属离子的释放以及与细菌细胞的特定电化学相互作用。
