Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Metals and Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 28;12(12):3680. doi: 10.3390/nu12123680.
Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation may affect the propensity of the child to develop an allergy. The aim was to assess and compare the dietary intake of pregnant and lactating women, validate it with biomarkers, and to relate these data to physician-diagnosed allergy in the offspring at 12 months of age. Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation was assessed by repeated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in a prospective Swedish birth cohort ( = 508). Fatty acid proportions were measured in maternal breast milk and erythrocytes. Allergy was diagnosed at 12 months of age by a pediatrician specialized in allergy. An increased maternal intake of cow's milk during lactation, confirmed with biomarkers (fatty acids C15:0 and C17:0) in the maternal blood and breast milk, was associated with a lower prevalence of physician-diagnosed food allergy by 12 months of age. Intake of fruit and berries during lactation was associated with a higher prevalence of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. Our results suggest that maternal diet modulates the infant's immune system, thereby influencing subsequent allergy development.
孕妇和哺乳期的饮食可能会影响孩子患过敏的倾向。本研究旨在评估和比较孕妇和哺乳期妇女的饮食摄入情况，并用生物标志物进行验证，并将这些数据与 12 个月大时婴儿的医生诊断过敏相关联。在一项前瞻性的瑞典出生队列研究中（n=508），通过反复的半定量食物频率问卷评估孕妇和哺乳期的饮食。在母亲的母乳和红细胞中测量脂肪酸比例。在 12 个月时由专门研究过敏的儿科医生诊断过敏。哺乳期摄入更多的牛奶，且在母亲血液和母乳中得到生物标志物（脂肪酸 C15:0 和 C17:0）的证实，与 12 个月时医生诊断的食物过敏的患病率较低相关。哺乳期摄入水果和浆果与 12 个月时特应性皮炎的患病率较高相关。我们的研究结果表明，母亲的饮食会调节婴儿的免疫系统，从而影响随后的过敏发展。
