Pan Fei, Yu Yong, Yu Lei, Lin Hailan, Wang Yeyao, Zhang Linlin, Pan Dawei, Zhu Rilong
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 4100821, People's Republic of China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2020 Dec 1;192(12):800. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-08775-4.
Detection and quantification of heavy metals in soil samples are significant in terms of environmental monitoring and risk assessment for metals. In order to improve the accuracy and precision to detect heavy metal, in this study, four standard samples (NASS-4, NASS-5, NASS-9, and NASS-16) were analyzed by evolving heating (electric heating plate, water bath, and microwave) and acidic systems (includes HCl, HNO, HF, and HClO). The result shows that different pretreatment methods have different effects on the extraction of heavy metal elements and five heavy metal elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr) were selected for optimization through pretreatment methods. Although the contents of heavy metals were same but we found diversity in the results. Under optimal conditions, the selected standard samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and the results were compared. The results show that different elements have their own most suitable detection methods, such as for Pb, the most suitable method is ICP-MS; and for Zn, the most suitable method is AAS. Pretreatment methods and detection techniques are combined to find and improve accuracy of results for certain elements. This study provides a reliable detection method for the accurate detection of heavy metals in the environment.
土壤样品中重金属的检测和定量对于金属的环境监测和风险评估具有重要意义。为了提高检测重金属的准确性和精密度，本研究采用逐步加热（电加热板、水浴和微波）和酸性体系（包括HCl、HNO、HF和HClO）对四个标准样品（NASS - 4、NASS - 5、NASS - 9和NASS - 16）进行了分析。结果表明，不同的预处理方法对重金属元素的提取有不同影响，并通过预处理方法对五种重金属元素（Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni和Cr）进行了优化。尽管重金属含量相同，但我们发现结果存在差异。在最佳条件下，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP - MS）、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP - AES）和原子吸收光谱法（AAS）对选定标准样品进行分析，并对结果进行比较。结果表明，不同元素有各自最合适的检测方法，如对于Pb，最合适的方法是ICP - MS；对于Zn，最合适的方法是AAS。将预处理方法和检测技术相结合，以找到并提高某些元素结果的准确性。本研究为环境中重金属的准确检测提供了一种可靠的检测方法。
