Institute of Sports Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2020 Dec 1;20(4):488-497.
the purpose of this study was to identify differences in hamstring passive stiffness between the pre-season and in-season periods.
Hamstring strength and passive stiffness were measured in professional male soccer players before and after the pre-season (4 weeks), and after the in-season (6 weeks) periods using an isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle passive stiffness was determined from the slope of the passive torque-angle relationship. External loads (acceleration and jumps) were monitored by GPS and internal loads by questionnaire.
Hamstring passive stiffness increased after 10 weeks of training and matches, without changes in passive peak torque and range of motion. The hamstring passive stiffness modifications were associated with the volume and intensity of accelerations and jumps. The individual data analysis also provided some support for the suppression of the biomechanical adaptation in the subjects with relatively large external load.
Regular training and match workouts increase hamstring passive stiffness in professional soccer players but the adaptation of muscle-tendon unit passive elements might not occur if players experience excessive mechanical stress.
本研究旨在确定赛季前和赛季期间腘绳肌被动僵硬的差异。
使用等速测力仪测量了专业男性足球运动员在赛季前（4 周）和赛季后（6 周）的腘绳肌力量和被动僵硬。肌肉被动僵硬是通过被动扭矩-角度关系的斜率来确定的。外部负荷（加速度和跳跃）通过 GPS 监测，内部负荷通过问卷监测。
经过 10 周的训练和比赛，腘绳肌被动僵硬增加，而被动峰值扭矩和运动范围没有变化。腘绳肌被动僵硬的改变与加速度和跳跃的量和强度有关。个体数据分析也为在承受较大外部负荷的受试者中抑制生物力学适应提供了一些支持。
定期的训练和比赛可以增加职业足球运动员的腘绳肌被动僵硬，但如果运动员承受过大的机械应力，肌肉-肌腱单元被动元素的适应可能不会发生。
