Kostic Milivoje M
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Entropy (Basel). 2018 Aug 7;20(8):584. doi: 10.3390/e20080584.
The nature of thermal phenomena is still elusive and sometimes misconstrued. Starting from Lavoisier, who presumed that caloric as a weightless substance is conserved, to Sadi Carnot who erroneously assumed that work is extracted while caloric is conserved, to modern day researchers who argue that thermal energy is an indistinguishable part of internal energy, to the generalization of entropy and challengers of the Second Law of thermodynamics, the relevant thermal concepts are critically discussed here. Original reflections about the nature of thermo-mechanical energy transfer, classical and generalized entropy, exergy, and new entransy concept are reasoned and put in historical and contemporary contexts, with the objective of promoting further constructive debates and hopefully resolve some critical issues within the subtle thermal landscape.
热现象的本质仍然难以捉摸，有时还会被误解。从拉瓦锡假定热质是一种守恒的无重量物质，到萨迪·卡诺错误地认为在热质守恒的同时可以提取功，再到现代研究人员认为热能是内能中难以区分的一部分，以及对熵的推广和热力学第二定律的挑战者，这里将对相关的热概念进行批判性讨论。对热机械能传递的本质、经典和广义熵、㶲以及新的能传递概念进行了原创性思考，并置于历史和当代背景中，目的是促进进一步的建设性辩论，并有望解决微妙的热领域中的一些关键问题。
