Martín-Cordero Leticia, Gálvez Isabel, Hinchado María Dolores, Ortega Eduardo
Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en Inmunofisiología, Departamento de Enfermería, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2020 Nov 30;8(12):556. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8120556.
Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition, and β2-adrenergic agonists as well as exercise have been proposed as anti-inflammatory strategies in obesity, so it is critical to accurately determine the effects of β2-adrenergic stimulation, especially when combined with other non-pharmacological therapies. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of β2-adrenergic activation on the inflammatory profile and phenotype of macrophages, and whether these effects could be affected by obesity and exercise in this condition. High-fat diet-induced obese and lean C57BL/6J mice were allocated to sedentary or exercised groups. The inflammatory profiles and phenotypes of their peritoneal macrophages were assessed by flow cytometry in the presence or absence of the selective β2-adrenergic receptor agonist terbutaline. β2-adrenergic activation caused global phenotypic anti-inflammatory effects in lean and obese sedentary mice, which were more drastic (also including anti-inflammatory effects on the cytokine profile) in obese animals. In exercised lean and obese animals, this anti-inflammatory effect is weaker and only evident by decreased iNOS and IL-8 expression, without changes in the anti-inflammatory markers. Therefore, β2-adrenergic activation leads to anti-inflammatory effects, but these effects are modulated by obesity in sedentary conditions, as well as by regular exercise; but not by obesity in trained conditions.
肥胖是一种慢性低度炎症状态，β2-肾上腺素能激动剂以及运动已被提议作为肥胖症的抗炎策略，因此准确确定β2-肾上腺素能刺激的效果至关重要，尤其是在与其他非药物疗法联合使用时。本研究的目的是确定β2-肾上腺素能激活对巨噬细胞炎症谱和表型的影响，以及在这种情况下这些影响是否会受到肥胖和运动的影响。将高脂饮食诱导的肥胖和瘦C57BL/6J小鼠分为久坐组或运动组。在存在或不存在选择性β2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂特布他林的情况下，通过流式细胞术评估其腹腔巨噬细胞的炎症谱和表型。β2-肾上腺素能激活在瘦和肥胖久坐小鼠中引起整体表型抗炎作用，在肥胖动物中更为显著（也包括对细胞因子谱的抗炎作用）。在运动的瘦和肥胖动物中，这种抗炎作用较弱，仅通过诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）表达降低而明显，抗炎标志物无变化。因此，β2-肾上腺素能激活会导致抗炎作用，但这些作用在久坐状态下会受到肥胖的调节，在经常运动时也会受到影响；但在训练状态下不受肥胖影响。
