Kormas Ioannis, Pedercini Chantal, Pedercini Alessandro, Raptopoulos Michail, Alassy Hatem, Wolff Larry F
Division of Periodontology, Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
School of Oral Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Nov 22;9(11):835. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9110835.
Since the use of dental implants is continuously increasing, it is imperative for dental practitioners to understand the nature and treatment of peri-implant diseases. The purpose of this manuscript is to comprehensively review peri-implant diseases, their characteristics, as well as their non-surgical and surgical treatment. To that end, the current literature was searched and a narrative review was conducted. It is essential that the case definitions described in the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions are used to diagnose and classify peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. While recent epidemiologic studies on peri-implant diseases exist, there is great heterogeneity in the definition of these conditions. Several risk factors and indicators are reported in the literature, with smoking and diabetes being the most universally accepted. In peri-implant mucositis, non-surgical treatment seems to be sufficient. However, for the treatment of peri-implantitis, a surgical approach, which includes open-flap debridement, apically positioned flap and guided bone regeneration, is considered more appropriate. A great variety of adjuncts to mechanical treatment have been reported with controversial results. Finally, studies comparing results from different peri-implantitis treatments are warranted in randomized controlled clinical trials in order to provide stronger evidence-based approaches.
由于牙种植体的使用量持续增加，牙科医生必须了解种植体周围疾病的性质和治疗方法。本手稿的目的是全面综述种植体周围疾病、其特征以及非手术和手术治疗方法。为此，检索了当前文献并进行了叙述性综述。必须使用2017年牙周和种植体周围疾病及状况分类世界研讨会中描述的病例定义来诊断和分类种植体周围健康状况、种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎。虽然最近有关于种植体周围疾病的流行病学研究，但这些疾病的定义存在很大异质性。文献中报道了多种风险因素和指标，其中吸烟和糖尿病是最普遍认可的。对于种植体周围黏膜炎，非手术治疗似乎就足够了。然而，对于种植体周围炎的治疗，手术方法，包括开放式翻瓣清创术、根向复位瓣术和引导骨再生术，被认为更为合适。已报道了多种机械治疗辅助方法，但其结果存在争议。最后，有必要在随机对照临床试验中比较不同种植体周围炎治疗方法的结果，以便提供更有力的循证治疗方法。
