Department of Education Theory, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 22;17(22):8671. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228671.
During childhood and pre-adolescence, the family environment is key to initiating and consolidating healthy styles in children through a balanced diet and basic hygiene habits. This study analyses hygiene, nutrition and health practices in Spanish families with children between 6 and 14 years of age according to the type of family (nuclear, single-parent or reconstituted) and the quantity, age and gender of the children. A representative Spanish national sample of 1103 Spanish parents, 270 fathers and 833 mothers, with children aged 6 to 14, is analysed. The study is descriptive, using statistical techniques with classic indicators (means, percentages). The results show that nuclear families manifest healthier habits, in general, and consider the consumption of pastries, ultra-processed food and excessive amounts of salt to be harmful. Furthermore, this family typology develops healthy and hygienic habits, such as brushing teeth daily, sleeping at least 8 h a day, drinking a glass of milk a day, eating fish more than once a week and eating fast food sporadically. They are also concerned about their children's annual medical check-ups (paediatrician and dentist). It is concluded that the family type is related to the hygiene and feeding habits of the children.
在儿童和青春期前,家庭环境是通过均衡饮食和基本卫生习惯,在儿童中开始和巩固健康生活方式的关键。本研究根据家庭类型(核心家庭、单亲家庭或重组家庭)以及儿童的数量、年龄和性别,分析了西班牙有 6 至 14 岁儿童的家庭的卫生、营养和健康习惯。对 1103 名西班牙父母(270 名父亲和 833 名母亲)和 6 至 14 岁的儿童进行了代表性的西班牙全国样本分析。该研究采用经典指标(平均值、百分比)进行描述性统计分析。结果表明,核心家庭总体上表现出更健康的习惯,认为食用糕点、超加工食品和过量盐是有害的。此外,这种家庭类型还培养了健康和卫生习惯,例如每天刷牙、每天至少睡 8 小时、每天喝一杯牛奶、每周至少吃一次鱼和偶尔吃快餐。他们还关心孩子的年度体检(儿科医生和牙医)。研究结论是,家庭类型与儿童的卫生和喂养习惯有关。