Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium; Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61, Parakou, Benin.
Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61, Parakou, Benin.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jun;273:128530. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128530. Epub 2020 Oct 5.
Acer 35 EC is a widely used insecticide (a binary mixture of lambda-cyhalothrin and acetamiprid) in pest control in many West African countries, particularly in the cotton culture in north Benin. The aim of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of Acer 35 EC on Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles using a multi-biomarker approach under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Acer 35 EC (0, 1 and 10% of LC- 96 h value). After 28 and 56 days of exposure, several biomarkers were measured in males and females including enzymatic activities related to detoxification and oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and immune responses, sex steroid hormones (testosterone, 17β-estradiol and 11-keto-testosterone) and histological alterations of liver, kidney and gonads. An Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) was then calculated. The results showed a reduction of cholinesterase activity in muscles, and intercellular superoxide anion production in both sexes. Female steroidogenesis and gametogenesis were affected, especially testosterone levels and oocyte growth. More alterations were observed in liver after exposure to Acer 35 EC. In both sexes, IBR values were higher after 56 days than after 28 days of exposure. In conclusion, based on a large set of biomarkers and IBR values, the chronic exposure to low doses of insecticide Acer 35 EC seems to impair different physiological functions in Nile tilapia juveniles on a time-dependent manner, with a stronger impact on females than on males.
Acer 35 EC 是一种在许多西非国家（尤其是贝宁北部的棉花种植区）用于害虫防治的广泛使用的杀虫剂（氯氟氰菊酯和噻虫胺的二元混合物）。本研究旨在采用多生物标志物方法在实验室条件下研究 Acer 35 EC 对尼罗罗非鱼 Oreochromis niloticus 幼鱼的慢性影响。为此，将鱼暴露于亚致死浓度的 Acer 35 EC（LC-96 h 值的 0、1 和 10%）下。暴露 28 和 56 天后，测量了雄性和雌性鱼类的多种生物标志物，包括与解毒和氧化应激、神经毒性和免疫反应相关的酶活性、性类固醇激素（睾酮、17β-雌二醇和 11-酮睾酮）以及肝脏、肾脏和性腺的组织学变化。然后计算了综合生物标志物反应（IBR）。结果表明，肌肉中的胆碱酯酶活性和两性细胞内超氧阴离子的产生均降低。雌性类固醇生成和配子发生受到影响，尤其是睾酮水平和卵母细胞生长。暴露于 Acer 35 EC 后，肝脏的变化更为明显。在两性中，暴露 56 天后的 IBR 值均高于暴露 28 天后的值。总之，基于大量生物标志物和 IBR 值，慢性低剂量接触杀虫剂 Acer 35 EC 似乎会随时间推移损害尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼的不同生理功能，对雌性的影响大于雄性。
