Laboratório de Análises Químicas Ambientais e Toxicológicas (LAQAT), Universidade Federal Do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Estudos Físico-Químicos e Produtos Naturais (LEFQPN), Universidade Federal Do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
Laboratório de Análises Químicas Ambientais e Toxicológicas (LAQAT), Universidade Federal Do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;270:128638. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128638. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
Phytoremediation is a technique that reduces the impact and environmental toxicity of toxic agents. Plectranthus neochilus, a species of aromatic plant, has already promoted phytoremediation of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). In addition, it was unclear whether the degradation of 2,4-D alone allows for a non-toxic environment (decontamination efficiency). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to verify the changes of the volatile compounds and concentrated essential oil of P. neochilus after phytoremediation of 2,4-D and the subsequent antibacterial activity of this essential oil concentrate. In addition, the toxicity of the plant's tea and the aqueous medium (waste) after the decontamination of 2,4-D was analyzed. The exposure to 2,4-D did not cause many changes in the volatile compounds, nor in the essential oil concentrate from the plant. Therefore, this essential oil concentrate can be used as an antimicrobial after phytoremediation. Regarding the use of this plant in tea form, it was found to be unsafe, even after phytoremediation, as this tea was toxic to the Drosophila melanogaster model (death of up to 100% of flies). The aqueous medium after 2,4-D phytoremediation became less toxic than the initial one (bioassays with Artemia salina and Allium cepa in the waste groups). However, the efficiency of phytoremediation with this plant must be improved. Therefore, we are performing new studies with P. necohilus and 2,4-D in aqueous medium.
植物修复是一种减少有毒物质对环境影响和毒性的技术。唇形科芳香植物假荆芥已经促进了除草剂 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）的植物修复。此外，单独降解 2,4-D 是否能使环境无毒（净化效率）尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在验证 2,4-D 植物修复后假荆芥挥发性化合物和浓缩精油的变化，以及该精油浓缩物的随后的抗菌活性。此外，还分析了 2,4-D 脱污染后植物茶和水基介质（废水）的毒性。暴露于 2,4-D 并没有引起植物挥发性化合物和精油浓缩物的许多变化。因此，这种精油浓缩物可以在植物修复后用作抗菌剂。关于以茶的形式使用这种植物，即使经过植物修复，也被发现是不安全的，因为这种茶对黑腹果蝇模型有毒（高达 100%的苍蝇死亡）。2,4-D 植物修复后的水基介质的毒性比初始水基介质的毒性低（在废水组中用盐水丰年虾和洋葱进行生物测定）。然而，必须提高这种植物的植物修复效率。因此，我们正在用假荆芥和 2,4-D 进行新的水基研究。
