Rodríguez-Ferreiro Annarli O, Ochoa-Pacheco Ania, Méndez-Rodriguez Daniel, Ortiz-Beatón Emilia, Font-Salmo Oneida, Guisado-Bourzac Frenkel, Molina-Bertrán Silvia, Monzote Lianet, Cos Paul, Foubert Kenn, Pieters Luc, Perez-Novo Claudina, Vanden Berghe Wim, Escalona-Arranz Julio C, Setzer William N
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecom, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba.
Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jan 4;11(1):134. doi: 10.3390/plants11010134.
Schltr. (Lamiaceae) is a plant recently introduced in Cuba. Worldwide, it is an ethnomedicinal alternative for its use against microbial infections, but the Cuban population use the extracts to treat sleep disorders. To address this apparent incongruity, four collections (from different seasonal conditions in the year) of Cuban cultivars were analyzed in terms of their pharmacognostic characteristics. Three extracts using fresh and dried leaves were chemically and biologically characterized. UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis was performed to determine their chemical composition, while a panel of nine microorganisms was used to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Finally, cytotoxic effects of different fractions were measured in three cell lines by the resazurin viability assay. In contrast to previously reported micro and macromorphological properties of , the leaves from the Cuban cultivars did not present glandular trichomes, nor did they produce quantifiable levels of essential oils. Moreover, aqueous extracts used by the population revealed no significant antimicrobial activity and were not cytotoxic. The three extracts showed a similar phytochemical composition, i.e., eight flavonoids, seven abietane diterpenes, and rosmarinic acid as the major constituent, most of them reported for the first time in this species. The low yield of essential oil, the absence of glandular trichomes, compounds with a high level of oxidation, and a moderate antimicrobial activity detected were the most distinctive pharmacognostic and biological characteristics of grown in Cuba. These aspects could explain its non-use as an antimicrobial.
Schltr.（唇形科）是一种最近引入古巴的植物。在全球范围内，它是一种用于对抗微生物感染的民族药用植物，但古巴人用其提取物治疗睡眠障碍。为了解决这一明显的矛盾，对古巴品种的四个采集样本（来自一年中的不同季节条件）进行了生药学特征分析。对使用新鲜和干燥叶子制成的三种提取物进行了化学和生物学表征。采用超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列-串联质谱分析来确定其化学成分，同时使用一组九种微生物来评估其抗菌活性。最后，通过刃天青活力测定法在三种细胞系中测量了不同馏分的细胞毒性作用。与先前报道的该植物的微观和宏观形态特征相反，古巴品种的叶子没有腺毛，也没有产生可量化水平的精油。此外，当地人使用的水提取物没有显示出显著的抗菌活性，也没有细胞毒性。这三种提取物显示出相似的植物化学成分，即八种黄酮类化合物、七种松香烷二萜类化合物以及迷迭香酸作为主要成分，其中大多数是该物种首次报道。精油产量低、没有腺毛、具有高氧化水平的化合物以及检测到的适度抗菌活性是在古巴种植的该植物最显著的生药学和生物学特征。这些方面可以解释其未被用作抗菌剂的原因。
