Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, 4488University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
Department of Renal Medicine, 4490University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.
J R Soc Med. 2021 Jan;114(1):30-37. doi: 10.1177/0141076820972669. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
Haemodialysis remains the most widely used treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Despite the progress that has occurred in the treatment of end-stage renal disease over the last six decades, there has been a failure to translate this into the desired clinical benefits, with morbidity and mortality rates among patients on haemodialysis remaining unacceptably high. Recently, however, there have been expectations that the significant advances that took place over the last few years may result in improved outcomes. New medications for the treatment of anaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, as well as novel trends in the areas of iron therapy, diabetes management and physical exercise are among the most important advances which, taken together, are changing the standards of care for patients on haemodialysis. The latest advances, of relevance not only to specialists in Renal Medicine but also to general practitioners caring for these patients, are reviewed in this collaborative paper.
血液透析仍然是治疗终末期肾病患者最广泛使用的方法。尽管在过去六十年中，终末期肾病的治疗已经取得了进展，但并没有将其转化为理想的临床益处，血液透析患者的发病率和死亡率仍然高得令人无法接受。然而，最近人们开始期望，过去几年取得的重大进展可能会带来更好的结果。治疗贫血和继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的新药物，以及铁治疗、糖尿病管理和体育锻炼等领域的新趋势，是最重要的进展之一，这些进展共同改变了血液透析患者的护理标准。本文对这些最新进展进行了综述，这些进展不仅与肾脏科专家有关，也与照顾这些患者的全科医生有关。
