Forensic Fluids Laboratories, 225 Parson Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49009, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 2022 Feb 14;46(1):76-88. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkaa184.
Quantitative analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in oral fluid has gained increasing interest in clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories. New medicinal and/or recreational cannabinoid products require laboratories to distinguish different patterns of cannabinoid use. This study validated a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for 13 different cannabinoids, including (-)-trans-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-A (Δ9-THCA-A), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-Δ9-THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THCCOOH), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and cannabigerol (CBG), in oral fluid. Baseline separation was achieved in the entire quantitation range between Δ9-THC and its isomer Δ8-THC. The quantitation range of Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC and CBD was from 0.1 to 800 ng/mL. Two hundred human subject oral fluid samples were analyzed with this method after solid phase extraction. Among the 200 human subject oral fluid samples, all 13 cannabinoid analytes were confirmed in at least one sample. Δ8-THC was confirmed in 11 samples, with or without the presence of Δ9-THC. A high concentration of 11-OH-Δ9-THC or Δ9-THCCOOH (>400 ng/mL) was confirmed in three samples. CBD, Δ9-THCA-A, THCV, CBN and CBG were confirmed in 74, 39, 44, 107 and 112 of the 179 confirmed Δ9-THC-positive samples, respectively. The quantitation of multiple cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid simultaneously provides valuable information for revealing cannabinoid consumption and interpreting cannabinoid-induced driving impairment.
在临床和法医毒理学实验室中，对口腔液中 Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (Δ9-THC) 的定量分析越来越受到关注。新的药用和/或娱乐用大麻素产品需要实验室区分不同的大麻素使用模式。本研究验证了一种用于 13 种不同大麻素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法，包括 (-)-反式-Δ8-四氢大麻酚 (Δ8-THC)、(-)-反式-Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (Δ9-THC)、大麻二酚 (CBD)、Δ9-四氢大麻酸-A (Δ9-THCA-A)、大麻二酚酸 (CBDA)、11-羟基-Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (11-OH-Δ9-THC)、11-去甲-9-羧酸-Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (Δ9-THCCOOH)、四氢大麻素 (THCV)、大麻二酚 (CBDV)、大麻二醇 (CBD-C1)、大麻色烯 (CBC)、大麻酚 (CBN) 和大麻二醇 (CBG)。Δ9-THC 和其异构体 Δ8-THC 之间在整个定量范围内实现了基线分离。Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和 CBD 的定量范围为 0.1 至 800ng/mL。200 名人体口腔液样本经固相萃取后用该方法进行分析。在 200 名人体口腔液样本中，至少有一个样本确认了 13 种大麻素分析物。11 个样本中确认了 Δ8-THC，无论是否存在 Δ9-THC。三个样本中确认了高浓度的 11-OH-Δ9-THC 或 Δ9-THCCOOH(>400ng/mL)。在 179 个确认 Δ9-THC 阳性的样本中，分别有 74、39、44、107 和 112 个样本确认了 CBD、Δ9-THCA-A、THCV、CBN 和 CBG。同时定量分析口腔液中的多种大麻素及其代谢物，为揭示大麻素的消费情况和解释大麻素引起的驾驶障碍提供了有价值的信息。
