Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2021 Feb;321:124354. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124354. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Global urbanization has resulted in amplified energy and material consumption with simultaneous waste generation. Current energy demand is mostly fulfilled by finite fossil reserves, which has critical impact on the environment and thus, there is a need for carbon-neutral energy. In this view, biohydrogen (bio-H) is considered suitable due to its potential as a green and dependable carbon-neutral energy source in the emerging 'Hydrogen Economy'. Bio-H production by dark fermentation of biowaste/biomass/wastewater is gaining significant attention. However, bio-Hproduction still holds critical challenges towards scale-up with reference to process limitations and economic viabilities. This review illustrates the status of dark-fermentation process in the context of process sustainability and achieving commercial success. The review also provides an insight on various process integrations for maximum resource recovery including closed loop biorefinery approach towards the accomplishment of carbon neutral H production.
全球城市化导致能源和物质消耗增加，同时产生废物。目前的能源需求主要由有限的化石储备来满足，这对环境造成了重大影响，因此需要碳中和能源。在这种情况下，生物氢（bio-H）被认为是合适的，因为它作为新兴“氢能经济”中的绿色可靠的碳中和能源具有潜力。通过生物废物/生物质/废水的黑暗发酵生产生物氢引起了人们的极大关注。然而，生物氢生产在规模扩大方面仍然面临着关键挑战，这涉及到工艺限制和经济可行性。本综述说明了黑暗发酵工艺在工艺可持续性和实现商业成功方面的现状。该综述还提供了对各种工艺整合的深入了解，以实现最大的资源回收，包括闭环生物炼制方法，以实现碳中和 H 生产。
