Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:144429. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144429. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Biohydrogen is a clean and renewable source of energy. It can be produced by using technologies such as thermochemical, electrolysis, photoelectrochemical and biological, etc. Among these technologies, the biological method (dark fermentation) is considered more sustainable and ecofriendly. Dark fermentation involves anaerobic microbes which degrade carbohydrate rich substrate and produce hydrogen. Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundantly available raw material and can be utilized as an economic and renewable substrate for biohydrogen production. Although there are many hurdles, continuous advancements in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment technology, microbial fermentation (mixed substrate and co-culture fermentation), the involvement of molecular biology techniques, and understanding of various factors (pH, T, addition of nanomaterials) effect on biohydrogen productivity and yield render this technology efficient and capable to meet future energy demands. Further integration of biohydrogen production technology with other products such as bio-alcohol, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and methane have the potential to improve the efficiency and economics of the overall process. In this article, various methods used for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, technologies in trends to produce and improve biohydrogen production, a coproduction of other energy resources, and techno-economic analysis of biohydrogen production from lignocellulosic biomass are reviewed.
生物氢是一种清洁可再生的能源。它可以通过使用热化学、电解、光电化学和生物等技术来生产。在这些技术中，生物法（暗发酵）被认为更具可持续性和环保性。暗发酵涉及到厌氧微生物，它们可以降解富含碳水化合物的基质并产生氢气。木质纤维素生物质是一种丰富的可用原料，可以作为生产生物氢的经济可再生基质。尽管存在许多障碍，但木质纤维素生物质预处理技术、微生物发酵（混合基质和共培养发酵）、分子生物学技术的应用以及对各种因素（pH、温度、纳米材料的添加）对生物氢生产力和产量的影响的理解的不断进步，使这项技术高效且有能力满足未来的能源需求。进一步将生物氢生产技术与其他产品（如生物酒精、挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）和甲烷）结合起来，有可能提高整个过程的效率和经济性。本文综述了用于木质纤维素生物质预处理的各种方法、生产和提高生物氢生产的技术、其他能源资源的联产以及木质纤维素生物质生产生物氢的技术经济分析。
