Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL, USA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(24):4629-4634. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1858278. Epub 2020 Dec 6.
To assess risk factors and incidence of diabetes complications in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on parity.
RESEARCH DESIGN/METHODS: Data were collected from women (16-40 years old) in the T1D Exchange completing pregnancy/childbirth questionnaires during 2011-2013 and 2016-2018. Incidence of risk factors and diabetes complications were compared between women with a first pregnancy at/within 1-year of enrollment ( = 28) and never pregnant women by year 5 ( = 469).
There was a trend for lower HbA1c (adjusted = .14) and higher rates of overweight/obesity, triglyceride/HDL > 2, log (triglyercide/HDL), and hypertension among parous women compared with nulliparous women. There were no significant differences in rates of advanced nephropathy, albuminuria or cardiovascular disease.
Four-5 years after delivery, parous women with T1D tended to have lower HbA1c levels despite higher body mass indices and more frequent adverse lipid profiles and hypertension compared with nulliparous women. Further studies based on these trends are warranted.
根据生育状况评估 1 型糖尿病（T1D）女性的糖尿病并发症风险因素和发病情况。
研究设计/方法：2011 年至 2013 年和 2016 年至 2018 年期间，在参加 T1D 交换项目的女性（年龄 16-40 岁）中收集数据，并填写妊娠/分娩问卷。通过第 5 年（ = 469）比较首次妊娠在/一年内入组（ = 28）的女性和从未怀孕的女性中风险因素和糖尿病并发症的发病情况。
与未生育女性相比，生育女性的 HbA1c（校正后为 = .14）水平较低，超重/肥胖、甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白>2、log（甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白）和高血压的发生率较高。但在晚期肾病、蛋白尿或心血管疾病的发生率方面，两组间无显著差异。
分娩后 4-5 年，尽管生育女性的体重指数较高，血脂异常和高血压的发生率更高，但她们的 HbA1c 水平往往较低。需要进一步的研究来验证这些趋势。
