Cypryk Katarzyna, Grycewicz Joanna, Swierzewska Patrycja, Kosinski Marcin, Lewinski Andrzej, Zurawska-Klis Monika
Department of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
Regional Centre of Occupational Medicine, Prevention and Treatment Centre in Lodz, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018 Mar 14;25(1):114-119. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1230738. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
The problem concerning the impact of pregnancy on diabetic complications is a matter for discussion as there is some evidence suggesting that pregnancy may trigger development or progression of diabetic chronic complications. However, currently available data concerning this issue is still controversial.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of obstetric history on the development of chronic microangiopatic and macroangiopatic complications in type 1 diabetic women.
The retrospective study comprised 226 white Caucasian type 1 diabetic women, including 190 parous and 36 nulliparous women. Anthropometric data, information concerning the course of the disease, including metabolic control and chronic complications, together with obstetric history, were registered.
Parous women were older (p<0.001), but did not differ significantly regarding metabolic control in the course of the disease (p>0.05) and diabetes duration (p>0.05) from nulliparous subjects. There were no significant differences in the incidence (p>0.05) nor onset (p>0.05) of chronic diabetes complications between the groups. The number of deliveries did not correlate with either the incidence nor the onset of chronic complications. Longer DM duration at the moment of first delivery was related to the higher incidence of retinopathy (p<0.01), nephropathy (p<0.05) and neuropathy (p<0.001).
The incidence of chronic diabetic complications does not differ between parous women and the subjects that were never pregnant, and is not related to the number of pregnancies.
妊娠对糖尿病并发症的影响问题仍存在争议，因为有证据表明妊娠可能引发糖尿病慢性并发症的发生或进展。然而，目前关于这一问题的现有数据仍存在争议。
本研究旨在评估产科病史对1型糖尿病女性慢性微血管和大血管并发症发生的影响。
这项回顾性研究纳入了226名白人高加索1型糖尿病女性，其中包括190名经产妇和36名未产妇。记录了人体测量数据、疾病病程信息（包括代谢控制和慢性并发症）以及产科病史。
经产妇年龄较大（p<0.001），但在疾病病程中的代谢控制（p>0.05）和糖尿病病程（p>0.05）方面与未产妇相比无显著差异。两组之间慢性糖尿病并发症的发生率（p>0.05）和发病时间（p>0.05）均无显著差异。分娩次数与慢性并发症的发生率和发病时间均无相关性。首次分娩时糖尿病病程较长与视网膜病变（p<0.01）、肾病（p<0.05）和神经病变（p<0.001）的发生率较高有关。
经产妇与从未怀孕的女性相比，慢性糖尿病并发症的发生率没有差异，且与妊娠次数无关。
