School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Appl Nurs Res. 2020 Dec;56:151347. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151347. Epub 2020 Aug 29.
Few studies have reported the status of stigma and the impact of stigma on the quality of life of HBV-infected pregnant women in disclosed situations. This study aims (a) to investigate the current status of the stigma of HBV-infected pregnant women in the situation of disease exposure, (b) to explore the influencing factors of the stigma, and (c) to identify the impacts quality of life.
Using cross-sectional descriptive design and convenience sampling, 270 HBV-infected pregnant women from two infectious hospitals were investigated using the Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infectors' Discrimination Measurement Scale, the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form-36v2, and a demographic questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS20.0.
The total stigma score is (74.05 ± 11.26). The variables of education, the payment method of medical expenses, living with family members, and spouse with hepatitis B virus infection accounted for 35.7% of the variance in the stigma altogether. Stigma is significantly negatively correlated with the quality of life and accounted for 18.1%-20.0% of the variance in scores for quality of life of HBV-infected pregnant women in disclosed situations.
The level of stigma and quality of life is serious in China. the stigma can significantly reduce the quality of life of affected individuals. Health care policy-maker and professionals should pay more attention to this issue and through improving health education, increasing the reimbursement rate of antiviral drugs and the number of professional medical staff to reduce stigma and promote their quality of life.
鲜有研究报告乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染孕妇在暴露疾病状况下的污名现状及其对生活质量的影响。本研究旨在：(a) 调查 HBV 感染孕妇在暴露疾病状况下的污名现状，(b) 探讨污名的影响因素，以及 (c) 明确其对生活质量的影响。
采用横断面描述性设计和便利抽样法，对来自两家传染病医院的 270 名 HBV 感染孕妇使用慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者歧视量表、医疗结局研究短式 36 健康调查简表第二版和人口统计学问卷进行调查。使用 SPSS20.0 对收集的数据进行分析。
总污名得分为（74.05 ± 11.26）。教育程度、医疗费用支付方式、与家人同住和配偶感染乙型肝炎病毒这 4 个变量共同解释了污名的 35.7%的方差。污名与生活质量呈显著负相关，共同解释了 HBV 感染孕妇在公开状况下生活质量得分的 18.1%-20.0%的方差。
中国 HBV 感染孕妇的污名和生活质量状况严重。污名会显著降低感染者的生活质量。卫生政策制定者和专业人员应更加关注这一问题，并通过改善健康教育、提高抗病毒药物的报销率和增加专业医务人员数量来减轻污名，提高其生活质量。
