Dept. Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada; Current Address: Dept. of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada.
Dept. Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 15;269:116136. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116136. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasing at a high rate across the globe and can cause shifts in animal phenology due to the alteration of perceived photoperiod. Birds in particular may be highly impacted due to their use of extra-retinal photoreceptors, as well as the use of photoperiodic cues to time life events such as reproduction, moult, and migration. For the first time, we used light-logging geolocators to determine the amount of ALAN experienced by long-distance migratory songbirds (purple martin; Progne subis) while at their overwintering sites in South America to measure its potential relationship with spring migration timing. Almost a third of birds (48/155; 31%) were subjected to at least one night with ALAN over 30 days prior to spring migration. Birds that experienced the highest number of nights (10+) with artificial light departed for spring migration on average 8 days earlier and arrived 8 days earlier at their breeding sites compared to those that experienced no artificial light. Early spring migration timing due to pre-migration ALAN experienced at overwintering sites could lead to mistiming with environmental conditions and insect abundance on the migratory route and at breeding sites, potentially impacting survival and/or reproductive success. Such effects would be particularly detrimental to species already exhibiting steep population declines such as purple martins and other migratory aerial insectivores.
夜间人工光照（ALAN）在全球范围内呈高速增长趋势，由于感知光周期的改变，可能导致动物物候的变化。鸟类尤其可能受到高度影响，因为它们使用视网膜外的光感受器，以及利用光周期线索来安排繁殖、换羽和迁徙等生命事件的时间。我们首次使用光记录地理定位器来确定在南美洲越冬地的长距离迁徙鸣禽（紫马丁）经历的 ALAN 量，以衡量其与春季迁徙时间的潜在关系。在春季迁徙前的 30 天内，近三分之一的鸟类（48/155；31%）经历了至少一个晚上的 ALAN 超过 30 天。与未经历人工光的鸟类相比，经历人工光最多的鸟类（10+ 晚）平均提前 8 天开始春季迁徙，并提前 8 天到达繁殖地。由于越冬地的预迁徙 ALAN 导致的春季迁徙提前，可能导致与迁徙路线和繁殖地的环境条件和昆虫丰度不同步，可能影响生存和/或繁殖成功率。这种影响对于已经出现急剧种群减少的物种，如紫马丁和其他迁徙性空中食虫动物，尤其不利。
