Galinousky Dmitry, Mokshina Natalia, Padvitski Tsimafei, Ageeva Marina, Bogdan Victor, Kilchevsky Alexander, Gorshkova Tatyana
Laboratory of Plant Glycobiology, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia.
Laboratory of Ecological Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus.
Front Genet. 2020 Nov 12;11:589881. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.589881. eCollection 2020.
The goal of any plant breeding program is to improve quality of a target crop. Crop quality is a comprehensive feature largely determined by biological background. To improve the quality parameters of crops grown for the production of fiber, a functional approach was used to search for genes suitable for the effective manipulation of technical fiber quality. A key step was to identify genes with tissue and stage-specific pattern of expression in the developing fibers. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between gene expression evaluated in bast fibers of developing flax plants and the quality parameters of technical fibers measured after plant harvesting. Based on previously published transcriptomic data, two sets of genes that are upregulated in fibers during intrusive growth and tertiary cell wall deposition were selected. The expression level of the selected genes and fiber quality parameters were measured in fiber flax, linseed (oil flax) cultivars, and wild species that differ in type of yield and fiber quality parameters. Based on gene expression data, linear regression models for technical stem length, fiber tensile strength, and fiber flexibility were constructed, resulting in the identification of genes that have high potential for manipulating fiber quality. Chromosomal localization and single nucleotide polymorphism distribution in the selected genes were characterized for the efficacy of their use in conventional breeding and genome editing programs. Transcriptome-based selection is a highly targeted functional approach that could be used during the development of new cultivars of various crops.
任何植物育种计划的目标都是提高目标作物的品质。作物品质是一个很大程度上由生物学背景决定的综合特征。为了改善用于纤维生产的作物的品质参数，采用了一种功能方法来寻找适合有效调控工艺纤维品质的基因。关键步骤是鉴定在发育中的纤维中具有组织和阶段特异性表达模式的基因。在本研究中，我们研究了发育中的亚麻植株韧皮纤维中评估的基因表达与植株收获后测量的工艺纤维品质参数之间的关系。基于先前发表的转录组数据，选择了两组在侵入性生长和三生细胞壁沉积过程中在纤维中上调的基因。在所选择的基因的表达水平和纤维品质参数在纤维用亚麻、亚麻籽（油用亚麻）品种以及产量类型和纤维品质参数不同的野生种中进行了测量。基于基因表达数据，构建了工艺茎长、纤维拉伸强度和纤维柔韧性的线性回归模型，从而鉴定出具有调控纤维品质高潜力的基因。对所选基因的染色体定位和单核苷酸多态性分布进行了表征，以评估它们在常规育种和基因组编辑计划中的使用效果。基于转录组的选择是一种高度靶向的功能方法，可用于各种作物新品种的培育过程中。
