Ali Tilahun, Worku Teshager
Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2020 Nov 20;8:2050312120974154. doi: 10.1177/2050312120974154. eCollection 2020.
The use of alcohol is an alarmingly growing public health concern worldwide, and it has an impact on younger generations. There are a few large scale and comprehensive nation-wise surveys conducted on the subject matter and study groups. Hence, the purpose of this study was to render strong evidence for policymakers and researchers on the prevalence of alcohol consumption and its associated factors among school adolescents and youths in Ethiopia.
Systematic searching was conducted using electronic (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Science direct), and grey literature sources. Cross-sectional studies conducted among adolescents and youths (12-24 years old) were included. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Heterogeneity was examined by using forest plot and I heterogeneity tests. Publication bias was also assessed by inspecting the funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Stata/M16.0 for windows was used for the analysis.
A total of 26 studies were included in the final analysis with a total of 17,880 participants. The pooled prevalence of current alcohol consumption was 27.0% (95% CI = 22.0-32.0). In the subgroups, the prevalence of current alcohol consumption among high school, college, and university students was 23%, 27%, and 29%, respectively. The pooled data revealed that being a male (odds ratio = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.24-2.99), chewing (odds ratio = 6.65; 95% CI = 2.52-17.52), family members alcohol consumption behavior (odds ratio = 3.20; 95% CI = 2.08-5.17), and peer pressure (odds ratio = 3.79; 95% CI = 2.64-5.42) were significantly associated with alcohol consumption.
The pooled analysis of 26 studies indicate that over a quarter of school adolescents and youths consume alcohol in Ethiopia. Hence, we recommend designing and implementing community and school-based intervention programs to tackle the growing problems of alcohol consumption and its multifaceted impacts.
在全球范围内，酒精的使用已成为一个令人担忧的、日益严重的公共卫生问题，并且它对年轻一代产生影响。针对这一主题和研究群体，已经开展了一些大规模且全面的全国性调查。因此，本研究的目的是为政策制定者和研究人员提供有力证据，以了解埃塞俄比亚学校青少年和青年中酒精消费的流行情况及其相关因素。
通过电子数据库（Medline、EMBASE、PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO和Science direct）以及灰色文献来源进行系统检索。纳入在青少年和青年（12 - 24岁）中开展的横断面研究。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价工具来评估研究质量。通过森林图和I²异质性检验来检查异质性。还通过检查漏斗图和埃格回归检验来评估发表偏倚。使用Windows版的Stata/M16.0进行分析。
最终分析共纳入26项研究，参与者总数为17,880人。当前酒精消费的合并患病率为27.0%（95%置信区间 = 22.0 - 32.0）。在亚组中，高中生、大学生和研究生中当前酒精消费的患病率分别为23%、27%和29%。汇总数据显示，男性（比值比 = 1.93；95%置信区间 = 1.24 - 2.99）、咀嚼（比值比 = 6.65；95%置信区间 = 2.52 - 17.52）、家庭成员的酒精消费行为（比值比 = 3.20；95%置信区间 = 2.08 - 5.17）以及同伴压力（比值比 = 3.79；95%置信区间 = 2.64 - 5.42）与酒精消费显著相关。
对26项研究的汇总分析表明，在埃塞俄比亚，超过四分之一的学校青少年和青年饮酒。因此，我们建议设计并实施基于社区和学校的干预项目，以应对日益严重的酒精消费问题及其多方面影响。
