Worrall Caitlin, Jongenelis Michelle I, McEvoy Peter M, Jackson Ben, Newton Robert U, Pettigrew Simone
School of Psychology, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Public Health. 2020 Nov 12;8:579304. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.579304. eCollection 2020.
The present study investigated the relative importance of various factors found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms in older adults and assessed the potential moderating effect of sociodemographic characteristics for each factor. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Psychological, social, and physical health measures relating to the following factors were also administered: personal growth, purpose in life, self-esteem, self-efficacy, social support, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and physical activity. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to investigate the most important factors associated with depressive symptoms, and moderation analyses were employed to identify any moderating effects of sociodemographic factors. Life satisfaction, self-esteem, and purpose in life were found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Only one moderating effect was observed-the negative relationship between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms was significantly stronger among the younger respondents. These findings suggest that strategies for the prevention or amelioration of depressive symptoms across subgroups of the senior population could be optimized by focusing on enhancing life satisfaction, self-esteem, and purpose in life.
本研究调查了与老年人抑郁症状呈负相关的各种因素的相对重要性，并评估了社会人口学特征对每个因素的潜在调节作用。抑郁症状采用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表进行测量。还对与以下因素相关的心理、社会和身体健康指标进行了评估：个人成长、生活目的、自尊、自我效能感、社会支持、自评健康状况、生活满意度和身体活动。采用多元线性回归分析来研究与抑郁症状相关的最重要因素，并采用调节分析来确定社会人口学因素的任何调节作用。研究发现生活满意度、自尊和生活目的与抑郁症状呈负相关。仅观察到一种调节作用——生活满意度与抑郁症状之间的负相关在年轻受访者中显著更强。这些研究结果表明，通过关注提高生活满意度、自尊和生活目的，可以优化针对老年人群亚组预防或改善抑郁症状的策略。
