Institute of Sociology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Sociol Health Illn. 2021 Feb;43(2):316-335. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.13217. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Although public debates on cannabis are ongoing in many countries, there are currently no EU-wide rules for either medical or recreational use of cannabis. Numerous studies have illustrated that creating such rules is a complex challenge. The battle over the legalisation of medical use of cannabis in Poland is a good example for analysing the mutual impact of the social practices that various actors perform through and by the discourses in the field of health care: how they discursively create their own roles and take positions and how they shape the coalitions and opposition in trying to achieve their strategic goals. This article aims to reconstruct and explain how different types of knowledge are discursively used to sustain or question power relations in the healthcare field. The dispersed knowledge-power influences social actors, who try to define or redefine social practices and aspire to guide them in the healthcare field. The presented approach allows authors to go beyond the social actors' perception vs institutional regulations and to analyse discursive actions as elements of the complex networks of meanings activating various type of resources. Those dynamic networks, involving the different (and sometimes the same) actors in the different actions, open the new fields of rationality. Starting by identifying the crucial actors and their discursive actions visible in the mainstream press discourse, we will reconstruct three types of groups related to medical cannabis. We will then investigate three types of dispositives - law, discipline and security - to investigate the relations between discursive and non-discursive elements. The proposed analysis belongs to the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) paradigm and includes investigation of the media discourses and in-depth interviews with the identified actors.
尽管许多国家仍在就大麻问题展开公开辩论，但目前欧盟内没有关于医疗或娱乐用途大麻的统一规定。大量研究表明，制定此类规定是一个复杂的挑战。波兰围绕医用大麻合法化的斗争就是一个很好的例子，可以借此分析各种行为体通过医疗保健领域的话语进行的社会实践以及这些实践之间的相互影响：他们如何通过话语来构建自己的角色和立场，以及如何在试图实现战略目标的过程中形成联盟和反对派。本文旨在重构并解释不同类型的知识如何在医疗保健领域被用于支持或质疑权力关系。分散的知识-权力影响着社会行为体，他们试图定义或重新定义社会实践，并渴望在医疗保健领域引导这些实践。所提出的方法使作者能够超越社会行为体对机构法规的感知，分析话语行为作为激活各种类型资源的复杂意义网络的要素。这些动态网络使不同行动中的不同（有时是相同）行为体参与其中，开辟了新的合理性领域。首先，我们要确定主流媒体话语中可见的关键行为体及其话语行为，然后重构与医用大麻相关的三类群体。接下来，我们将调查三种类型的配置——法律、纪律和安全——以研究话语和非话语元素之间的关系。所提出的分析属于批判话语分析（CDA）范式，包括对媒体话语的调查以及对确定的行为体的深入访谈。
