Director Emeritus, Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen.
Ber Wiss. 2020 Dec;43(4):493-520. doi: 10.1002/bewi.202000026. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
The Danish physicist Niels Bohr is best known for two major achievements: first, his model of the quantum atom, published in 1913, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1922; and second, the "Copenhagen interpretation" of quantum mechanics developed together with colleagues at his institute in the latter half of the twenties. Having turned his institute toward nuclear physics, making it a pioneer institution in this emerging field, Bohr escaped from Nazi-occupied Denmark in 1943. Learning in England about the advanced state of the secret project to develop an atomic bomb, which Bohr had so far considered impracticable in a foreseeable future, he agreed to join the project. Bohr decided instantly that the prospect of such a weapon of mass destruction would require what he came to call an "open world" among nations, and he worked conscientiously toward this end until he died in 1962. In the process, statesmen, including Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, as well as diplomats from several countries, came to encounter Bohr and his political mission. Although not as successful as his scientific achievements, his mission was considered by Bohr himself as equally important. Yet it constitutes a hitherto relatively neglected part of Bohr's career..
丹麦物理学家尼尔斯·玻尔最著名的成就是两项：一是他于 1913 年发表的量子原子模型，为此他于 1922 年获得诺贝尔奖；二是与他在研究所的同事在二十世纪二十年代后半期共同发展的量子力学“哥本哈根诠释”。玻尔将他的研究所转向核物理，使其成为这一新兴领域的先驱机构，并于 1943 年逃离被纳粹占领的丹麦。在英国，玻尔了解到开发原子弹的秘密项目已经取得了先进的进展，而他之前认为在可预见的未来这是不可行的，他同意加入该项目。玻尔立即决定，这种大规模杀伤性武器的前景将需要他所谓的国家之间的“开放世界”，他为此认真努力，直到 1962 年去世。在这个过程中，政治家们，包括温斯顿·丘吉尔和富兰克林·D·罗斯福，以及来自几个国家的外交官，都与玻尔及其政治使命相遇。尽管没有他的科学成就那么成功，但玻尔本人认为他的使命同样重要。然而，这构成了玻尔职业生涯中一个迄今为止相对被忽视的部分。
