Biscarini Filippo, Mastrangelo Salvatore, Catillo Gennaro, Senczuk Gabriele, Ciampolini Roberta
CNR-IBBA (National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology), 20133 Milan, Italy.
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Dec 3;10(12):2285. doi: 10.3390/ani10122285.
Semi-feral local livestock populations, like Maremmana cattle, are the object of renewed interest for the conservation of biological diversity and the preservation and exploitation of unique and potentially relevant genetic material. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic diversity parameters in semi-feral Maremmana cattle using both pedigree- and genomic-based approaches (FIS and FROH), and to detect regions of homozygosity (ROH) and heterozygosity (ROHet) in the genome. The average heterozygosity estimates were in the range reported for other cattle breeds (HE=0.261, HO=0.274). Pedigree-based average inbreeding () was estimated at 4.9%. The correlation was low between and genomic-based approaches (r=0.03 with FIS, r=0.21 with FROH), while it was higher between FIS and FROH (r=0.78). The low correlation between and FROH coefficients may be the result of the limited pedigree depth available for the animals involved in this study. The ROH islands identified in Maremmana cattle included candidate genes associated with climate adaptation, carcass traits or the regulation of body weight, fat and energy metabolism. The ROHet islands contained candidate genes associated with nematode resistance and reproduction traits in livestock. The results of this study confirm that genome-based measures like FROH may be useful estimators of individual autozygosity, and may provide insights on pedigree-based inbreeding estimates in cases when animals' pedigree data are unavailable, thus providing a more detailed picture of the genetic diversity.
半野生本地牲畜种群，如马雷马纳牛，对于生物多样性的保护以及独特且可能具有重要意义的遗传物质的保存与利用而言，正重新成为人们关注的对象。本研究的目的是使用基于系谱和基因组的方法（FIS和FROH）来估计半野生马雷马纳牛的遗传多样性参数，并检测基因组中的纯合区域（ROH）和杂合区域（ROHet）。平均杂合度估计值处于其他牛品种所报告的范围内（HE = 0.261，HO = 0.274）。基于系谱的平均近亲繁殖系数（）估计为4.9%。基于系谱的方法与基于基因组的方法之间的相关性较低（与FIS的r = 0.03，与FROH的r = 0.21），而FIS和FROH之间的相关性较高（r = 0.78）。系谱平均近亲繁殖系数与FROH系数之间的低相关性可能是由于本研究中所涉及动物的系谱深度有限所致。在马雷马纳牛中鉴定出的ROH岛包含与气候适应、胴体性状或体重、脂肪和能量代谢调节相关的候选基因。ROHet岛包含与家畜线虫抗性和繁殖性状相关的候选基因。本研究结果证实，像FROH这样基于基因组的测量方法可能是个体纯合性的有用估计指标，并且在无法获取动物系谱数据的情况下，可能为基于系谱的近亲繁殖估计提供见解，从而提供更详细的遗传多样性图景。
