Institute of Low Temperature Science (ILTS), Hokkaido University, N19W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0189, Japan.
Biogeochemistry Research Center (BGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2020 Dec 7;11(1):6243. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20038-x.
Despite extensive studies on the formation of organic molecules in various extraterrestrial environments, it still remains under debate when, where, and how such molecules were abiotically formed. A key molecule to solve the problem, hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) has not been confirmed in extraterrestrial materials despite extensive laboratory experimental evidence that it can be produced in interstellar or cometary environments. Here we report the first detection of HMT and functionalized HMT species in the carbonaceous chondrites Murchison, Murray, and Tagish Lake. While the part-per-billion level concentration of HMT in Murchison and Tagish Lake is comparable to other related soluble organic molecules like amino acids, these compounds may have eluded detection in previous studies due to the loss of HMT during the extraction processes. HMT, which can yield important molecules for prebiotic chemistry such as formaldehyde and ammonia upon degradation, is a likely precursor of meteoritic organic compounds of astrochemical and astrophysical interest.
尽管在各种外星环境中形成有机分子的研究已经很广泛,但这些分子是如何在何时、何地以及如何非生物形成的,仍然存在争议。尽管有广泛的实验室实验证据表明它可以在星际或彗星环境中产生,但解决这个问题的关键分子六亚甲基四胺(HMT)在外星物质中尚未得到证实。在这里,我们报告了在碳质球粒陨石默奇森、默里和塔吉什湖首次检测到 HMT 和官能化 HMT 物质。虽然默奇森和塔吉什湖中 HMT 的十亿分之一水平的浓度与其他相关的可溶性有机分子如氨基酸相当,但由于在提取过程中 HMT 的损失,这些化合物可能在以前的研究中被忽略。HMT 在降解后可以产生对前生物化学很重要的分子,如甲醛和氨,因此它很可能是陨石有机化合物的前体,这些有机化合物在天体化学和天体物理上具有重要意义。