Azami-Aghdash Saber
Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Arch Public Health. 2020 Nov 3;78(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00493-0.
A considerable number of qualitative studies have been published in recent years on the issues that the quantitative studies have limitations on. This study aimed at performing a meta-synthesis on qualitative studies on Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) with a scoping review approach.
This meta-synthesis study was conducted as a scoping review in 2019. The Arkesy and O'Malley framework was applied which has six steps of identifying the research question, identifying the relevant studies, selecting the studies, charting the data, data analysis and reporting the results, and consultation exercise. The required data were gathered by searching the relevant keywords in databases of PubMed, web of knowledge, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google scholar, Sid, IranMedex. Extracted data were analyzed by the Content-Analysis method.
Finally, 30 studies were included. Extracted data summarized in five main themes and 17 sub-themes. The main themes were: consequences (individual, family, social, financial), the needs of survivors (social support and healthcare), risk factors (general risk factors, risk factors for motorcyclists, risk factors for children and adolescents), barriers of prevention (general barriers, pre-hospital barriers, emergency, and hospital barriers), and prevention solutions (increasing safety, rules and regulations, education, increasing equipment, scientific solutions) of RTIs.
This study combined the methods of the scoping review and the meta-synthesis to mapping all qualitative studies on the RTIs, with this approach, this study provides extensive and practical information for policy-makers, managers, practitioners, and researchers in the field of RTIs. Also, by applying this approach, the gaps in the existing knowledge and areas in need of further research are identified.
近年来，针对定量研究存在局限性的问题，已有大量定性研究发表。本研究旨在采用范围综述方法，对道路交通伤害（RTIs）的定性研究进行元综合分析。
本元综合研究于2019年作为范围综述开展。应用了阿克西和奥马利框架，该框架包括确定研究问题、识别相关研究、选择研究、绘制数据图表、数据分析与结果报告以及咨询活动六个步骤。通过在PubMed、知识网络、Scopus、Cochrane图书馆、Science Direct、谷歌学术、Sid、IranMedex等数据库中搜索相关关键词来收集所需数据。提取的数据采用内容分析法进行分析。
最终纳入30项研究。提取的数据归纳为五个主要主题和17个子主题。主要主题包括：后果（个人、家庭、社会、经济方面）、幸存者需求（社会支持和医疗保健）、风险因素（一般风险因素、摩托车骑行者风险因素、儿童和青少年风险因素）、预防障碍（一般障碍、院前障碍、急诊和医院障碍）以及道路交通伤害的预防解决方案（提高安全性、规章制度、教育、增加设备、科学解决方案）。
本研究结合了范围综述和元综合分析方法，以梳理关于道路交通伤害的所有定性研究，通过这种方法，本研究为道路交通伤害领域的政策制定者、管理人员、从业者和研究人员提供了广泛而实用的信息。此外，通过应用这种方法，还识别了现有知识中的差距以及需要进一步研究的领域。
