Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey.
Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Coaching Education, Canakkale17100, Turkey.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Apr;24(5):942-949. doi: 10.1017/S136898002000498X. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
To evaluate emotional (depression) and behavioural (nutritional behaviours, physical activity status and sleep patterns) of Turkish adult individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Cross-sectional online survey. The participants filled out a questionnaire (developed by using Google Forms) that contained descriptive characteristics, nutritional behaviours, sleep patterns, physical activity status, anthropometric measurements, COVID-19-related level of knowledge and the questions of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale through e-mail or social media (WhatsApp).
Turkey.
Totally, 1120 adult individuals who completed an online survey between April and May 2020.
It was determined that 29·1 % of the individuals showed mild, 34·2 % moderate and 23·4 % severe depression symptoms during the pandemic period. A significant relationship was found between gender, age and educational status, marital status and depression levels of the individuals, respectively (χ2 = 35·292, χ2 = 103·46, χ2 = 24·524 and χ2 = 86·208, P < 0·05). The top three foods consumed most during the pandemic period are tea and coffee (66·6 %), pastry (e.g. cake and cookie) (56·4 %) and desserts (49·6 %). During the pandemic period, 42·5 % of the individuals stated that they slept more and 40·2 % stated that there was no change in their sleep patterns. Daily physical activity durations were determined as 8·25 ± 1·77 h for sleep, 4·21 ± 2·68 h for lying down, 5·42 ± 2·64 h for sitting and 6·16 ± 4·82 h for standing activities.
It was determined that the individuals showed different levels of depression symptoms during the pandemic period. Especially, carbohydrate food consumption increased, and physical activity status and sleep patterns changed due to the increased time spent sitting and lying.
评估土耳其成年个体在 COVID-19 大流行期间的情绪（抑郁）和行为（营养行为、身体活动状况和睡眠模式）。
横断面在线调查。参与者通过电子邮件或社交媒体（WhatsApp）填写了一份问卷（使用 Google 表单开发），其中包含描述性特征、营养行为、睡眠模式、身体活动状况、人体测量学测量、与 COVID-19 相关的知识水平以及流行病学研究抑郁量表的问题。
土耳其。
总共完成 2020 年 4 月至 5 月期间在线调查的 1120 名成年个体。
在大流行期间，确定 29.1%的个体表现出轻度、34.2%中度和 23.4%重度抑郁症状。发现个体的性别、年龄和教育程度、婚姻状况与抑郁水平之间存在显著关系（χ2=35.292，χ2=103.46，χ2=24.524 和 χ2=86.208，P<0.05）。大流行期间消费最多的前三种食物是茶和咖啡（66.6%）、糕点（如蛋糕和饼干）（56.4%）和甜点（49.6%）。在大流行期间，42.5%的个体表示他们睡眠更多，40.2%的个体表示他们的睡眠模式没有变化。确定睡眠时间为 8.25±1.77 h，卧床时间为 4.21±2.68 h，坐姿时间为 5.42±2.64 h，站立时间为 6.16±4.82 h。
在大流行期间，确定个体表现出不同程度的抑郁症状。特别是，由于坐立和卧床时间增加，碳水化合物食物的消费增加，身体活动状况和睡眠模式发生变化。
