Abate Teshager Woldegiorgis, Enyew Alamirew, Gebrie Feleke, Bayuh Haregnesh
Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2020 Nov 23;6(11):e05552. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05552. eCollection 2020 Nov.
A diabetes foot ulcer is the commonest non-traumatic reason for the amputation of the lower extremities. All adults with diabetes should undergo comprehensive foot evaluation at least annually, but for high-risk individuals with diabetes more frequently by a health care provider and daily by the people themselves. Nurses' knowledge and attitude are fundamental to conduct a diabetes foot risk assessment and provide foot care for known diabetes person. Knowledge and attitude of nurses about the assessment and risk, identification of diabetes foot are not well studied in Ethiopia, especially in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot ulcer in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar city administration hospitals from January 1st to 5th, 2019. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Nurses' level of knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot ulcer assessment and management determined by using multiple-choice questions of nurse's knowledge and attitude questionnaires. The association between the independent and dependent variables was assessed. In this study, the overall proportions of nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot assessment and management were 54.4% and 43.3% respectively. Age less than 30 years old (AOR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.10, 4.19; P = 0.025), the nurse who graduates from a governmental institution (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.64, 5.69; P < 0.001) and use the internet as a source of knowledge (AOR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31, 0.96; P = 0.035) was significantly associated with nurses' knowledge towards diabetes foot care. Age less than 30 years old (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.35; P = 0.012)and the nurse level of qualification (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.78; P = 0.007)were significantly associated with nurses' level of attitude towards diabetes foot care. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the important gaps in nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot care. Nurses' insufficient knowledge and non-favorable attitude towards diabetes foot care compromise health care standard diabetes care. Therefore, a comprehensive revision of nursing curricula across local tertiary learning institutes required qualified instructors and a strengthened regulatory body (especially private ones), and validated source of information for allowing nurses to update their knowledge is warranted.
糖尿病足溃疡是下肢截肢最常见的非创伤性原因。所有成年糖尿病患者都应至少每年接受一次全面的足部评估，但对于糖尿病高危个体，医疗保健人员应更频繁地进行评估，患者本人则应每天进行自我评估。护士的知识和态度对于开展糖尿病足风险评估以及为糖尿病患者提供足部护理至关重要。在埃塞俄比亚，尤其是在本研究区域，护士对糖尿病足评估和风险识别的知识和态度尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部巴赫达尔市护士对糖尿病足溃疡的知识和态度。2019年1月1日至5日，在巴赫达尔市行政管理医院开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究参与者采用简单随机抽样技术选取。通过护士知识和态度问卷中的多项选择题来确定护士对糖尿病足溃疡评估和管理的知识水平和态度。评估了自变量和因变量之间的关联。在本研究中，护士对糖尿病足评估和管理的知识和态度的总体比例分别为54.4%和43.3%。年龄小于30岁（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.15，95%置信区间[CI]：1.10，4.19；P=0.025）、毕业于政府机构的护士（AOR=3.05，95%CI：1.64，5.69；P<0.001）以及将互联网作为知识来源的护士（AOR=0.55，95%CI：0.31，0.96；P=0.035）与护士对糖尿病足护理的知识显著相关。年龄小于30岁（AOR=1.98，95%CI：1.16，3.35；P=0.012）以及护士的资质水平（AOR=0.39，95%CI：0.20，0.78；P=0.007）与护士对糖尿病足护理的态度水平显著相关。总之，本研究表明护士在糖尿病足护理的知识和态度方面存在重大差距。护士对糖尿病足护理知识不足和态度不佳会影响糖尿病护理的医疗保健标准。因此，有必要对当地高等院校的护理课程进行全面修订，配备合格的教师，加强监管机构（尤其是私立机构），并提供经过验证的信息来源，以便护士更新知识。
