Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India.
School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2021 Jun;18(6):673-694. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1860939. Epub 2020 Dec 27.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide. Conventional therapies covering either chemotherapy or combination therapy still have sub-optimal responses with significant adverse effects and toxicity. Moreover, tumor cells usually acquire resistance quickly for traditional approaches, limiting their use in HCC. Interest in nanomedicine due to minimal systemic toxicity and a high degree of target-specific drug-delivery have pulled the attention of health scientists in this area of therapeutics.
The review covers the incidence and epidemiology of HCC, proposed molecular drug targets, mechanistic approach and emergence of nanomedicines including nanoparticles, lipidic nanoparticles, vesicular-based nanocarrier, virus-like particles with momentous therapeutic aspects including biocompatibility, and toxicity of nanocarriers along with conclusions and future perspective, with an efficient approach to safely cross physiological barriers to reach the target site for treating liver cancer.
Remarkable outcomes have recently been observed for the therapeutic efficacy of nanocarriers with respect to a specific drug target against the treatment of HCC by existing under trial drugs.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球主要的健康问题。涵盖化疗或联合治疗的传统疗法的反应仍然不佳，具有显著的不良反应和毒性。此外，肿瘤细胞通常会很快对传统方法产生耐药性，限制了它们在 HCC 中的应用。由于纳米医学的系统毒性最小且具有高度的靶向药物输送特性，因此引起了该治疗领域的健康科学家的关注。
本综述涵盖了 HCC 的发病率和流行病学、提出的分子药物靶点、机制方法以及纳米药物的出现，包括纳米粒子、脂质体纳米粒子、基于囊泡的纳米载体、病毒样颗粒，以及具有重要治疗意义的生物相容性和纳米载体的毒性，以及结论和未来展望，为安全跨越生理屏障到达目标部位治疗肝癌提供了一种有效的方法。
最近，在临床试验中的药物对 HCC 的特定药物靶点的治疗方面，纳米载体的治疗效果取得了显著的结果。
