Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
Department of Botany, Thakur Prasad Singh College, Patna, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, India.
Curr Drug Targets. 2021;22(7):779-792. doi: 10.2174/1389450121999201209194524.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary liver cancer that has shown a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide among several types of cancers. A large variety of chemotherapeutic agents employed for the treatment have a limited success rate owing to their limited site-specific drug targeting ability. Thus, there is a demand to develop novel approaches for the treatment of HCC. With advancements in nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches, the challenges of conventional chemotherapy have been continuously decreasing. Nanomedicines constituted of lipidic and polymeric composites provide a better platform for delivering and opening new pathways for HCC treatment. A score of nanocarriers such as surface-engineered liposomes, nanoparticles, nanotubes, micelles, quantum dots, etc., has been investigated in the treatment of HCC. These nanocarriers are considered to be highly effective clinically for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs with high site-specificity ability and therapeutic efficiency. The present review highlights the current focus on the application of nanocarrier systems using various ligand-based receptor-specific targeting strategies for the treatment and management of HCC. Moreover, the article has also included information on the current clinically approved drug therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and updates of regulatory requirements for approval of such nanomedicines.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是原发性肝癌，在世界范围内几种癌症中发病率和死亡率都很高。由于其靶向特定部位的药物能力有限，用于治疗的各种化疗药物的成功率有限。因此，需要开发治疗 HCC 的新方法。随着基于纳米技术的药物输送方法的进步，传统化疗的挑战不断减少。由脂质和聚合物复合材料构成的纳米药物为药物输送提供了更好的平台，并为 HCC 治疗开辟了新途径。已经研究了大量的纳米载体，如表面工程化的脂质体、纳米颗粒、纳米管、胶束、量子点等，用于 HCC 的治疗。这些纳米载体被认为在临床上对于具有高特异性和治疗效率的化疗药物的传递非常有效。本综述重点介绍了当前使用各种基于配体的受体特异性靶向策略应用纳米载体系统治疗和管理 HCC 的情况。此外，本文还包括了目前临床批准的用于治疗肝细胞癌的药物治疗信息以及此类纳米药物批准的监管要求的最新情况。
