Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
Laboratorio de Referencia Nacional de Leishmaniasis, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2020 Dec 2;37(3):462-470. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2020.373.4465.
To evaluate the in vitro photodynamic activity of aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate chloride (AlPcClS4) on promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.
The activity of photodynamic therapy using AlPcClS4 on Leishmania promastigote and amastigotes was determined by the Methyl Thiazole Tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric method and quantitative PCR, respectively.
Photodynamic treatment showed an inhibitory effect on promastigotes, particularly on Leishmania (V.) peruviana, to a lesser extent on Leishmania (V.) braziliensis and also on intracellular forms of both species. At 24 hours post-radiation, using concentrations of 200 μM and 350 μM, the inhibitory effect on Leishmania (V.) peruviana was 72.9% and 73.9% respectively; at 96 hours the inhibitory effect was of 78.8% and 80.6%, respectively. Regarding intracellular forms, the inhibitory effect on Leishmania (V.) peruviana amastigotes was 57.8% at 72 hours post-treatment, using a concentration of 200 μM. The IC50 was 56.5, 50, 44 and 39.7 μM, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-radiation, respectively.
Photodynamic therapy using AlPcClS4 against Leishmania species showed encouraging results, mainly on Leishmania (V.) peruviana, suggesting a potential use as an alternative or complement to the usual treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis. However, new trials are still required to determine the selectivity index for the intracellular form of the parasite, and to develop methods to facilitate the efficient entry of the molecule into the host cell and the parasite.
评估铝酞菁四磺酸钠（AlPcClS4）对秘鲁利什曼原虫和巴西利什曼原虫的前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的体外光动力活性。
通过 MTT 比色法和定量 PCR 分别测定 AlPcClS4 对利什曼原虫前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的光动力治疗活性。
光动力治疗对前鞭毛体表现出抑制作用，特别是对秘鲁利什曼原虫，对巴西利什曼原虫的抑制作用较小，对两种虫体的内型也有抑制作用。在辐射后 24 小时，使用 200 μM 和 350 μM 的浓度，对秘鲁利什曼原虫的抑制率分别为 72.9%和 73.9%；在 96 小时时，抑制率分别为 78.8%和 80.6%。关于内型，在 72 小时时，使用 200 μM 的浓度，对秘鲁利什曼原虫无鞭毛体的抑制率为 57.8%。IC50 分别为 24、48、72 和 96 小时后，56.5、50、44 和 39.7 μM。
AlPcClS4 对利什曼原虫属的光动力治疗显示出令人鼓舞的结果，主要是对秘鲁利什曼原虫，表明其作为皮肤利什曼病的常规治疗的替代或补充具有潜在用途。然而，仍需要进行新的试验来确定该寄生虫内型的选择性指数，并开发促进分子有效进入宿主细胞和寄生虫的方法。
