IEEE Trans Haptics. 2021 Jul-Sep;14(3):591-602. doi: 10.1109/TOH.2020.3043658. Epub 2021 Sep 9.
Mid-air haptic (MAH) feedback is an interesting means to provide augmented haptic feedback for gesture-based technology as it enables a sense of touch without physical contact with an actuator. Although quite some work already investigated the user experience (UX) of MAH feedback during initial encounter, we are not aware of studies testing the UX after repeated use, with regard to both pragmatic and hedonic UX, as well as emotional reactions. In this article, we tested how the UX of MAH feedback changed over the course of five weeks by collecting both questionnaire as well as interview data of 31 participants. Our results showed that MAH feedback significantly increased the enjoyment, engagement, valence and arousal of the emotional response. However, the added value of valence was due to a novelty effect as it was only significantly elevated during initial use, and not after repeated use. Interestingly, the added value of MAH feedback in terms of enjoyment, engagement and arousal remained elevated over the course of five weeks. Moreover, the interview data hinted at substantial individual differences underlying the global trends from the questionnaire data, showing the importance of combining quantitative and qualitative data when testing the UX of MAH feedback.
空中触觉（MAH）反馈是一种为基于手势的技术提供增强触觉反馈的有趣方式，因为它能够在不与执行器物理接触的情况下提供触觉感知。尽管已经有相当多的工作研究了 MAH 反馈在初次接触时的用户体验（UX），但我们不知道有研究测试重复使用后的实用和愉悦 UX 以及情绪反应的情况。在本文中，我们通过收集 31 名参与者的问卷和访谈数据，测试了 MAH 反馈在五周内的 UX 如何变化。我们的结果表明，MAH 反馈显著提高了情感反应的享受、参与、效价和唤醒程度。然而，效价的附加值是由于新奇效应，因为它仅在初次使用时显著升高，而不是在重复使用后升高。有趣的是，在五周的时间里，MAH 反馈在享受、参与和唤醒方面的附加值仍然很高。此外，访谈数据表明，从问卷数据中得出的整体趋势背后存在实质性的个体差异，这表明在测试 MAH 反馈的 UX 时，结合定量和定性数据的重要性。
