Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB), São Paulo, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Nov 30;14(11):1314-1319. doi: 10.3855/jidc.12081.
Vagococcus spp. is known for its importance as a systemic and zoonotic bacterial pathogen even though it is not often reported in pigs. This is related to the pathogen misidentification due to the lack of usage of more discriminatory diagnostic techniques. Here we present the first report of Vagococcus lutrae in swine and the characterization of Vagococcus fluvialis and Vagococcus lutrae isolated from diseased animals.
Between 2012 and 2017, 11 strains with morphological characteristics similar to Streptococcus spp. were isolated from pigs presenting different clinical signs. Bacterial identification was performed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical profile. Strains were further genotyped by single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP). Broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of the antimicrobials of veterinary interest.
Ten strains were identified as V. fluvialis and one was identified as V. lutrae. The SE-AFLP analysis enabled the species differentiation with specific clustering of all V. fluvialis separately from the V. lutrae strain. Most strains presented growth in the maximum antibiotic concentration values tested for eight of the 10 analyzed antimicrobial classes.
The observed resistance pattern can represent a problem for veterinary and producers in the treatment of diseases associated Vagococcus spp. in swine production. Vagococcus species may also be a risk for pig industry workers. The data described here will be of great value in further understanding the behavior of this pathogen in animal production.
尽管 Vagococcus 属细菌通常不在猪中报道，但它作为一种全身性和人畜共患病细菌病原体而闻名。这与由于缺乏更具鉴别力的诊断技术而导致病原体错误鉴定有关。本文首次报道了 Vagococcus lutrae 在猪中的感染，并对从患病动物中分离到的 Vagococcus fluvialis 和 Vagococcus lutrae 进行了特征描述。
2012 年至 2017 年间，从出现不同临床症状的猪中分离出 11 株具有与链球菌属相似形态特征的菌株。通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间（MALDI-TOF）质谱对细菌进行鉴定，并通过 16S rRNA 测序和生化特征进行确认。通过单酶扩增片段长度多态性（SE-AFLP）对菌株进行进一步基因分型。肉汤微量稀释法用于测定兽医相关抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度。
10 株被鉴定为 V. fluvialis，1 株被鉴定为 V. lutrae。SE-AFLP 分析能够通过所有 V. fluvialis 菌株的特异性聚类将物种区分开来，与 V. lutrae 菌株分开。在分析的 10 种抗菌药物类别的最大抗生素浓度值中，大多数菌株的生长均在检测值范围内。
观察到的耐药模式可能代表兽医和生产者在治疗与 Vagococcus spp. 相关疾病方面的一个问题，这在猪生产中。Vagococcus 物种也可能对养猪业工人构成风险。本文描述的数据将对进一步了解该病原体在动物生产中的行为具有重要价值。
