Świderek Wiesław Piotr, Gruszczyńska Joanna, Winnicka Anna
Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Dec 7;10(12):2325. doi: 10.3390/ani10122325.
Udder diseases () are a serious cause of economic losses in sheep breeding as they have a negative impact on lamb rearing and the quality of dairy products. Thus far, progress in treatment and prevention of these diseases has been insufficient-giving ground for searching possibilities of using natural immunity to combat mastitis. This study aims to assess the relationship between the microsatellite polymorphism of selected MHC genes and the health status of the mammary gland of sheep. The research is carried out on sheep of the Polish Heath and Polish Lowland breeds. In ovine milk, the SCC and the percentage of the lymphocyte subpopulation are assessed. Based on genomic DNA, molecular analysis of the MHC gene fragments () polymorphism is performed. Significant differences are found in SCC level and the percentage of lymphocytes (CD4, CD8, CD19) in the milk depending on the alleles of the MHC genes. Alleles of 488 bp () and 284 bp () are found more frequently in sheep, which milk contained <200 × 10/mL SCC, while in carriers of the 508 bp () and 272 bp () alleles, SCC level in milk is significantly higher (>200 × 10/mL). The obtained results justify the need for further research to better understand the genetic basis of mastitis, and to search for effective molecular markers that can be used in breeding practice.
乳房疾病是养羊业经济损失的一个重要原因，因为它们会对羔羊饲养和乳制品质量产生负面影响。到目前为止，这些疾病在治疗和预防方面进展不足，这为探索利用天然免疫力对抗乳腺炎的可能性提供了依据。本研究旨在评估所选MHC基因的微卫星多态性与绵羊乳腺健康状况之间的关系。研究对象为波兰 Heath 品种和波兰低地品种的绵羊。对羊奶中的体细胞计数（SCC）和淋巴细胞亚群百分比进行评估。基于基因组DNA，对MHC基因片段的多态性进行分子分析。根据MHC基因的等位基因，发现羊奶中的SCC水平和淋巴细胞（CD4、CD8、CD19）百分比存在显著差异。在羊奶中SCC含量<200×10⁶/mL的绵羊中，488 bp和284 bp的等位基因出现频率更高，而在携带508 bp和272 bp等位基因的绵羊中，羊奶中的SCC水平显著更高（>200×10⁶/mL）。所得结果证明有必要进一步研究，以更好地了解乳腺炎的遗传基础，并寻找可用于育种实践的有效分子标记。
