Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 7;17(23):9147. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239147.
A necessarily high standard for physical readiness in tactical environments is often accompanied by high incidences of injury due to overaccumulations of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). To account for instances of overtraining stimulated by NMF, close monitoring of neuromuscular performance is warranted. Previously validated tests, such as the countermovement jump, are useful means for monitoring performance adaptations, resiliency to fatigue, and risk for injury. Performing such tests on force plates provides an understanding of the movement strategy used to obtain the resulting outcome (e.g., jump height). Further, force plates afford numerous objective tests that are valid and reliable for monitoring upper and lower extremity muscular strength and power (thus sensitive to NMF) with less fatiguing and safer methods than traditional one-repetition maximum assessments. Force plates provide numerous software and testing application options that can be applied to military's training but, to be effective, requires the practitioners to have sufficient knowledge of their functions. Therefore, this review aims to explain the functions of force plate testing as well as current best practices for utilizing force plates in military settings and disseminate protocols for valid and reliable testing to collect key variables that translate to physical performance capacities.
在战术环境中，对身体准备的要求必然很高，由于神经肌肉疲劳（NMF）的过度积累，受伤的发生率往往很高。为了应对 NMF 刺激的过度训练情况，有必要密切监测神经肌肉表现。以前经过验证的测试，如反向跳，是监测性能适应、对疲劳的恢复能力和受伤风险的有用手段。在力量板上进行此类测试可以了解用于获得结果的运动策略（例如，跳跃高度）。此外，力量板还提供了许多客观测试，这些测试对于监测上下肢肌肉力量和力量（因此对 NMF 敏感）是有效且可靠的，与传统的一次最大重复评估相比，这些测试方法更省力、更安全。力量板提供了许多软件和测试应用选项，可应用于军队的训练，但为了有效，从业者需要对其功能有足够的了解。因此，本综述旨在解释力量板测试的功能以及在军事环境中使用力量板的当前最佳实践，并传播用于有效和可靠测试的协议，以收集可转化为身体表现能力的关键变量。
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